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What is Computer?

A computer is a machine that can store and process information.

A computer is an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form.
(Binary 0 or 1)
What is a computer program?

What is a computer program?

• A computer program is a list of instructions that tell a computer what to do.

• A computer program is usually written by a computer programmer in

a programming language.

• Scratch is a block-based visual programming language.

 • Scratch is a free programming language developed by MIT.

• Scratch makes it easy to create interactive stories, animations, games, music, and
art, and share your creations on the web.

What is Coding?

1 - Computer programs are made using a special language called code. Coding is used so that the computer understands
what to do.

What is Coding and What is it used for?

• Coding, sometimes called computer programming, is how we communicate with

computers.

• Coding is the process of creating instructions for computers and machines using
programming languages.

• Coding makes it possible for us to create computer software, games, apps, websites,
and lots of other cool things.
Coders, or programmers, are people who write the programs behind everything we see and
do on a computer.

Learn how to program your own apps, solve Minecraft puzzles, train an artificial intelligence
algorithm and more!

How it Work!

Why You Should Learn to Code?

Coding Teaches You How to Approach Problem-Solving and logic skills

Why is coding important for Young Minds?

• Coding is a basic literacy in the digital age, and it is important to work with and
understand the technology around them.

• Coding helps students gain skills such as sequencing, problem solving, math
concepts, as well as perseverance so that they will become better readers, writers,
and mathematicians.

• Coding helps children with communication, creativity, and confidence.

Bugs and Debugging
Lesson: Debugging with Scrat

• Bug - Part of a program that does not work correctly.

- Something that is going wrong. An error.

- Coding mistakes are called bugs.

• Debugging - Finding and fixing problems(errors) in an algorithm or program

• Sequencing - Putting commands in correct order so computers can read the

commands.

What are computer bugs?

When you write code, it's easy to make a mistake.

Coding mistakes are called bugs.

Imagine you have written some code to make a game.

You want your robot to move forwards when you press the arrow key, but the robot goes
backwards!

When your code goes wrong, you need to check your algorithm and then check your code.

When you have found and fixed your mistakes you can try the game again.

Bugs - an annoying problem or helpful challenge?

Bugs can be seen as a problem. If you made a game for someone and it had bugs, it would
be a problem for the person using it. That is why fixing bugs is so important!

But they can also be seen as a challenge. They are part of the fun of coding. You just need
find them and fix them. It is all part of learning to be a coder!

What is debugging?
 Debugging

Finding and fixing errors

Algorithm and Sequencing
• Code - to write instructions for a computer.

• Program - An algorithm that has been coded into something that can be run by a
machine.

• Event - An action that causes something to happen.

• Algorithm - An algorithm is a plan, a set of step-by-step instructions to solve a

problem.
What is an algorithm?

Algorithm

A list of steps to finish a task.

Algorithms need to have their steps in the right order.

Algorithms need to have their steps in the right order.

Think about an algorithm for brushing teeth in the morning.

 A very simple algorithm for brushing teeth might consist of these steps:

1. put toothpaste on toothbrush

2. use toothbrush to clean teeth

3. rinse toothbrush

Steps 1 and 2 are in the wrong sequence the teeth wouldn’t get cleaned with the toothpaste,
and the toothpaste would be wasted.

A human would realize they had forgotten to add toothpaste at the start of the process, but
a computer would not know that anything was wrong.

When you write an algorithm the order of the instructions is very important.

1 - Sequencing

Sequencing

Putting commands in correct order so computers can read the commands.

Sequencing is the specific order in which instructions are performed in an algorithm.

Making a Sandwich (Algorithm)

Activity

Make Fruit Juice

or

Make a cup of coffee

2 - https://youtu.be/CvSOaYi89B4
Loop (Iteration)
What is Loop?

• Loop - The action of doing something over and over again.

• Repeat - To do something again.

Turns and Angles
Algorithm and Sequencing
• Code - to write instructions for a computer.

• Program - An algorithm that has been coded into something that can be run by a
machine.

• Event - An action that causes something to happen.

• Algorithm - An algorithm is a plan, a set of step-by-step instructions to solve a

problem.
What is an algorithm?

Algorithm

A list of steps to finish a task.

Algorithms need to have their steps in the right order.

Algorithms need to have their steps in the right order.

Think about an algorithm for brushing teeth in the morning.

 A very simple algorithm for brushing teeth might consist of these steps:

1. put toothpaste on toothbrush

2. use toothbrush to clean teeth

3. rinse toothbrush

Steps 1 and 2 are in the wrong sequence the teeth wouldn’t get cleaned with the toothpaste,
and the toothpaste would be wasted.

A human would realize they had forgotten to add toothpaste at the start of the process, but
a computer would not know that anything was wrong.

When you write an algorithm the order of the instructions is very important.

1 - Sequencing

Sequencing

Putting commands in correct order so computers can read the commands.

Sequencing is the specific order in which instructions are performed in an algorithm.

Making a Sandwich (Algorithm)

Activity

Make Fruit Juice

or

Make a cup of coffee

2 - https://youtu.be/CvSOaYi89B4