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Introduction_to_Big_Data_Notes

The document provides an overview of Big Data, detailing types of digital data, its history, and the architecture of Big Data platforms. It highlights the importance and applications of Big Data across various sectors, as well as the technology components involved in processing and analyzing data. Additionally, it addresses challenges, privacy, ethics, and modern analytic tools related to Big Data.

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ishantjaiswal2004
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5 views

Introduction_to_Big_Data_Notes

The document provides an overview of Big Data, detailing types of digital data, its history, and the architecture of Big Data platforms. It highlights the importance and applications of Big Data across various sectors, as well as the technology components involved in processing and analyzing data. Additionally, it addresses challenges, privacy, ethics, and modern analytic tools related to Big Data.

Uploaded by

ishantjaiswal2004
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Big Data

Introduction to Big Data

1. Types of Digital Data

- Structured Data: Organized in rows and columns (e.g., databases).

- Unstructured Data: Not organized (e.g., videos, images, social media posts).

- Semi-Structured Data: Partially organized (e.g., XML, JSON).

2. History of Big Data Innovation

- Early 2000s: Emergence of web-scale data.

- 2005: Apache Hadoop introduced, enabling distributed data processing.

- 2010s: Growth of real-time and streaming platforms (Spark, Kafka).

- Present: Cloud-native analytics, AI/ML integration, edge computing.

3. Introduction to Big Data Platform

- A Big Data platform integrates tools and technologies to collect, store, process, and analyze

massive datasets.

- Examples: Hadoop, Spark, AWS, Google BigQuery, Azure Data Lake.

4. Drivers for Big Data

- Proliferation of IoT devices.

- Explosion of mobile and web applications.

- Social media and user-generated content.

- Need for real-time decision making.

5. Big Data Architecture and Characteristics

- Architecture includes:

- Data ingestion (e.g., Flume, Kafka)

- Storage (e.g., HDFS, NoSQL)

- Processing (e.g., MapReduce, Spark)


- Analytics and visualization (e.g., Hive, Tableau)

- Characteristics: Scalability, flexibility, fault-tolerance.

6. 5 Vs of Big Data

- Volume: Massive amount of data.

- Velocity: Speed of data generation and processing.

- Variety: Different formats and sources.

- Veracity: Data accuracy and reliability.

- Value: Useful insights from data.

7. Big Data Technology Components

- Storage: HDFS, Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage.

- Processing: MapReduce, Spark, Storm.

- Querying & Analysis: Hive, Pig, Impala.

- Visualization: Power BI, Tableau.

- Machine Learning: MLlib (Spark), TensorFlow.

8. Big Data Importance and Applications

- Healthcare: Predictive analytics, patient monitoring.

- Finance: Fraud detection, algorithmic trading.

- Retail: Customer behavior analysis, demand forecasting.

- Government: Smart cities, surveillance, policy making.

9. Big Data Features: Security, Compliance, Auditing, and Protection

- Security: Encryption, authentication, access control.

- Compliance: GDPR, HIPAA for data handling.

- Auditing: Logging user and system activities.

- Protection: Backups, disaster recovery.

10. Big Data Privacy and Ethics

- Data anonymization and user consent.


- Responsible data usage.

- Addressing algorithmic bias.

11. Big Data Analytics

- Extraction of useful patterns and insights from big data.

- Includes predictive, prescriptive, and descriptive analytics.

12. Challenges of Conventional Systems

- Unable to handle:

- High-volume unstructured data.

- Real-time processing.

- Scalability and fault tolerance.

13. Intelligent Data Analysis

- Uses AI/ML to discover hidden patterns.

- Supports automated decision-making.

14. Nature of Data

- Quantitative vs Qualitative.

- Real-time vs Batch data.

- Internal vs External sources.

15. Analytic Processes and Tools

- ETL: Extract, Transform, Load.

- EDA: Exploratory Data Analysis.

- Tools: R, Python, KNIME, SAS.

16. Analysis vs Reporting

- Analysis: Deep data investigation to derive insights.

- Reporting: Presenting historical data summaries.

17. Modern Data Analytic Tools

- Apache Spark: In-memory processing.


- TensorFlow: Deep learning framework.

- Power BI / Tableau: Interactive data visualization.

- Google Data Studio: Web-based BI.

- Snowflake: Cloud data platform.

- Databricks: Unified data analytics and AI workspace.

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