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Database Architecture

The document outlines the architecture of Distributed Database Management Systems (DDBMS), categorizing them based on data distribution (homogeneous vs. heterogeneous), control mechanisms (centralized vs. decentralized), and processing models (client-server vs. peer-to-peer). It also details key components such as the Data Distribution Manager, Transaction Manager, Query Processor, and Data Communication Manager, along with types of data distribution like fragmentation, replication, and allocation. The advantages of DDBMS include improved availability, fault tolerance, enhanced performance, and scalability.

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13 views5 pages

Database Architecture

The document outlines the architecture of Distributed Database Management Systems (DDBMS), categorizing them based on data distribution (homogeneous vs. heterogeneous), control mechanisms (centralized vs. decentralized), and processing models (client-server vs. peer-to-peer). It also details key components such as the Data Distribution Manager, Transaction Manager, Query Processor, and Data Communication Manager, along with types of data distribution like fragmentation, replication, and allocation. The advantages of DDBMS include improved availability, fault tolerance, enhanced performance, and scalability.

Uploaded by

hemavasanth69
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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In aDistributed Database Management

System (DDBMS), the Database System


Architecture defines how data is stored,
managed, and accessed across multiple
sites or nodes. It consists of several key
Components and architectures:

1. Distributed DBMS Architectures

DDBMS architectures can be classified based


on data distribution, control mechanisms,
and processing models.

A. Based on Distribution of Data

1. Homogeneous DDBMS
o Allsites use the same DBMS software.

Schema and transaction manageme


are uniform.
2. HeterogeneousDDBMS
DBMS software at different
o Different
sites.

involve different schemas and


o May
transaction rules.

interoperability
More complex due to
issues.

Based on Control Mechanism


B.

1. Centralized Control

o A single site controls the entire


database and transactions.

o Other sites act as remote access


points.

o Simple but maylead to bottlenecks.


2. Decentralized Control
o Each site manages its database and
transactions independently.
Requires sophisticated coordination
C. Based on Processing and
Transparency
1. Client-Server Architecture

o Clients request data, and servers


respond with the required information.
Efficient but requires a strong network
infrastructure.
2. Peer-to-Peer Architecture

o Each node acts as both a client and a


server.

o Improves redundancy and fault


tolerance.

2. Key Components of a DDBMS

1. Data Distribution Manager


o Handles fragmntation, replication,
and allocatic ta across multiple
2. Transaction Manager
o Ensures ACID (Atomicity, Consistency,
Isolation, Durability) properties across
distributed transactions.

3. Query Processor
oTranslates queries into subqueries
executed across multiple nodes.

o Optimizes query performance.

4. Data Communication Manager


o Manages communication between
different sites.

o Ensures data consistency across


distributed locations.

3. Types of Data Distribution in


DDBMS

1. Fragmentation
oDividing dat naller pieces
oront cites
oTypes: Horizontal, Vertical, Mixed.
2. Replication
o Copying data to multiple sites for
redundancy and faster access.
3. Allocation

o Deciding which site should store


which data based on performance
needs.

4. Advantages of Distributed
Database Architecture

" Improved availability and fault tolerance.


" Enhanced performance by localizing
queries.

"Scalability to handle large datasets.

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