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Python Notes

Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its readability and versatility, supporting various programming styles. Key features include easy syntax, dynamic typing, extensive libraries, cross-platform compatibility, and a large community. The document covers Python fundamentals, data types, operators, common data structures, built-in functions, code snippets, and important concepts like variable-length arguments and copy types.

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3 views2 pages

Python Notes

Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its readability and versatility, supporting various programming styles. Key features include easy syntax, dynamic typing, extensive libraries, cross-platform compatibility, and a large community. The document covers Python fundamentals, data types, operators, common data structures, built-in functions, code snippets, and important concepts like variable-length arguments and copy types.

Uploaded by

bahawalofficial218
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Python Notes

Introduction to Python
Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its simple syntax,
readability, and versatility. It supports multiple programming styles, including object-
oriented, functional, and procedural.

Key Features of Python


 Easy Syntax: Code is clean and easy to read.
 Interpreted & Dynamically Typed: Code is executed line-by-line, and variable types are
detected automatically.
 Extensive Standard Libraries: Comes with a large collection of pre-built modules for
various tasks.
 Cross-Platform: Runs on Windows, macOS, Linux, and other operating systems.
 Large Community: Strong community support for help and third-party packages.

Part 1: Python Fundamentals

1. Variables and Data Types


A variable is a container for storing data values. Python is dynamically typed, meaning it
automatically detects the data type of a variable.

 String (str): Textual data enclosed in quotes. Example: message = "Hello, World"
 Integer (int): Whole numbers. Example: count = 42
 Float (float): Numbers with a decimal point. Example: price = 19.99
 Boolean (bool): Represents True or False. Example: is_active = True
 List (list): Ordered and mutable collection. Example: fruits = ["apple", "banana",
"cherry"]
 Tuple (tuple): Ordered and immutable collection. Example: coordinates = (10.5, 20.7)
 Set (set): Unordered collection of unique elements. Example: {"red", "green", "blue"}
 Dictionary (dict): Key-value pairs. Example: person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}

2. Operators in Python
Operators are symbols used to perform operations on variables and values.

Arithmetic, Comparison, Logical, and Assignment operators are


commonly used.
Part 2: Common Data Structures and Their Methods
Includes Strings, Lists, and Dictionaries with various built-in methods.

Part 3: Essential Built-in Functions


Examples: len(), type(), range(), enumerate(), zip(), map(), filter(), sorted(), any(), all().

Part 4: Common Code Snippets & Patterns


Examples include reversing strings, palindrome checks, flattening lists, Fibonacci, factorial,
etc.

Part 5: Important Python Concepts


 *args and **kwargs: Used for variable-length arguments in functions.
 Shallow Copy vs Deep Copy: Difference in reference vs independent copy.
 is vs ==: Identity vs value equality.
 Modules and Packages: Single Python files vs directories of modules.

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