Virtualizing your Datacenter

with Windows Server 2012 R2 & System Center 2012 R2

Module 1 2 3 4 5

Title Introduction to Microsoft Virtualization & Host Configuration VM Clustering & Configuration VM Mobility & Replication, Network Virt and Service Templates Private Clouds & System Center 2012 R2 Datacenter Virtualization with the Hybrid Cloud, VMware Management, Integration & Migration

Microsoft Virtual Academy

Microsoft Virtual Academy

SCVMM01

DC01

FS01

HYPER-V01

HYPER-V02

Automation Service Mgmt. Protection Monitoring Self-Service VM Management Hypervisor

Orchestrator Service Manager Data Protection Manager System Center 2012 R2 Operations Manager App Controller Virtual Machine Manager Hyper-V

vCenter Orchestrator vCloud Automation Center vSphere Data Protection vCloud Suite vCenter& Ops Mgmt. Suite vCenter vCloud Director vCenter Server vSphere Hypervisor

Automation Service Mgmt. Protection Monitoring Self-Service VM Management Hypervisor

License

System Center 2012 R2 Licensing

Orchestrator
Standard

vCenter Orchestrator vCloud Suite Licensing

2

Service # of Physical CPUs per Manager 2

# of Managed OSEs per License Includes all SC Mgmt. Components Includes SQL Server for Mgmt. Server Use Yes Yes

Datacenter

vCloud Automation Center # of Physical CPUs 1 1 1

per License # of Managed OSEs per License Includes vSphere 5.1 Enterprise Plus

Std.

Adv.

Ent.

2 + Host Unlimited Data Protection Manager

Unlimited VMs on Hosts vSphere Data Protection

Yes No Yes No Yes No No $11,495

Operations Manager App Controller $1,323

Yes Yes

Includes vCenter 5.5

vCenter Ops Mgmt. Suite

No vCloud No Director

Open No Level (NL) & Software Assurance (L&SA) 2 year Pricing

$3,607

Includes all required database licenses Retail Pricing per CPU (No S&S)

Virtual Machine Manager

Windows Server 2012 R2 Inc. Hyper-V Hyper-V Server 2012 R2 = Free Download

vSphere 5.5 Standalone Per CPU Pricing (Excl. S&S): Standard = $995 Enterprise = $2,875 Enterprise Plus = $3,495

vCenter Server

$4,995

$7,495

vSphere Hypervisor

Massive scalability for the most demanding workloads

Hosts Support for up to 320 logical processors & 4TB physical memory per host Support for up to 1,024 virtual machines per host Support for up to 64 physical nodes & 8,000 virtual machines per cluster

Clusters

Virtual Machines

Support for up to 64 virtual processors and 1TB memory per VM

Supports in-guest NUMA

System

Resource

Windows Server 2012 R2 Hyper-V 320

4TB 2,048 64 1TB 1,024

vSphere Hypervisor 320

4TB 4,096 8 1TB 512

vSphere 5.5 Enterprise Plus 320

4TB 4,096 641 1TB 512

Logical Processors
Host Physical Memory Virtual CPUs per Host Virtual CPUs per VM VM Memory per VM Active VMs per Host

Guest NUMA
Cluster
1. 2.

Yes
64 8,000

Yes
N/A2 N/A2

Yes
32 4,000

Maximum Nodes Maximum VMs

vSphere 5.5 Enterprise Plus is the only vSphere edition that supports 64 vCPUs. Enterprise edition supports 32 vCPU per VM with all other editions supporting 8 vCPUs per VM For clustering/high availability, customers must purchase vSphere

vSphere Hypervisor / vSphere 5.x Ent+ Information: http://www.vmware.com/pdf/vsphere5/r55/vsphere-55-configuration-maximums.pdf and http://www.vmware.com/products/vsphere-hypervisor/faq.html, http://www.vmware.com/files/pdf/vsphere/VMware-vSphere-Platform-Whats-New.pdf

Centralized, Scalable Management of Hyper-V

Supports up to 1,000 Hyper-V hosts & 25,000 virtual machines per VMM Server

Supports Hyper-V hosts in trusted & untrusted domains, disjointed namespace & perimeter networks
Supports Hyper-V from 2008 R2 SP1 through to 2012 R2

Comprehensive fabric management capabilities across Compute, Network & Storage

End to end VM management across heterogeneous hosts & clouds

Deep Discovery Prior to Hyper-V Deployment

Through integration with the BMC, VMM can wake a physical server & collect information to determine appropriate deployment

4 2

1. OOB Reboot
2. Boot from PXE 3. Authorize PXE boot 4. Download VMM customized WinPE 5. Execute a set of calls in WinPE to collect hardware inventory data (network adapters and disks) 6. Send hardware data back to VMM
3 5

6 1

Virtualization Deployment with VMM

Centralized, Automated Bare Metal Hyper-V Deployment
Post-deep discovery, VMM will deploy a Hyper-V image to the physical server

1. OOB Reboot
2. Boot from PXE 3. Authorize PXE boot 4. Download VMM customized WinPE

5. Run generic command execution scripts and configure partitions

6. Download VHD & Inject Drivers The host is then domain joined, added to VMM Management & post-install scripts executed

Capability

Microsoft

VMware

Deployment from DVD

Deployment from USB PXE Deployment - Stateful PXE Deployment - Stateless

Yes
Yes Yes WDS, MDT, SCCM, SCVMM No

Yes
Yes Yes PXE/Auto Deploy1 Yes Auto Deploy

Virtualization Host Configuration

Granular, Centralized Configuration of Hosts
Virtual Machine Manager 2012 R2 provides complete, centralized hardware configuration for Hyper-V hosts Hardware Allows the admin to configure local storage, networking, BMC settings etc. Storage Allows the admin control granular storage settings, such as adding an iSCSI or FC array LUN to the host, or an SMB share. Virtual Switches A detailed view of the virtual switches associated with physical network adaptors. Migration Settings Configuration of Live Migration settings, such as LM network, simultaneous migrations

iSCSI & Fibre Channel

Integrate with existing storage investments quickly and easily

Multi-Path I/O Support

Inbox for resiliency, increased performance & partner extensibility

Offloaded Data Transfer

Offloads storageintensive tasks to the SAN

Native 4K Disk Support

Take advantage of enhanced density and reliability

VMM Storage Management

Centralized Management & Provisioning of Storage
VMM can discover & manage local and remote storage, including SANs, Pools, LUNs, disks, volumes, and virtual disks.
VMM supports iSCSI & Fibre Channel Block Storage & File-based Storage VMM integrates with WS SMAPI for discovery of: SMI-S, SMP, and Spaces Devices Disk & Volume management iSCSI/FC/SAS HBA initiator management Block Storage File Storage

System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2012 R2

Storage Management

R2: 10x faster enumeration of storage

Integrated iSCSI Target

Transform Windows Server 2012 R2 into an iSCSI SAN
Integrated Role within Windows Server & manageable via GUI, PowerShell Ideal for Network & Diskless Boot, Server Application Storage, Heterogeneous Storage & Development, Test & Lab Deployments Supports up to 64TB VHDX, Thin Provisioning, Dynamic & Differencing. Also supports secure zeroing of disk for Fixed size disk deployments. Scalable up to 544 sessions & 256 LUNs per iSCSI Target Server & can be clustered for resilience Complete VMM Management via SMI-S

VMM iSCSI & Fibre Channel Integration

Improved Support for Fibre Channel Fabrics
Once discovered, VMM can centrally manage key iSCSI & Fibre Channel capabilities. iSCSI - Connects Hyper-V hosts to iSCSI portal and logs on to iSCSI target ports including multiple sessions for MPIO. Fibre Channel - Add target ports to Zone Zone Management, Member Management, Zoneset Management

Once connected, VMM can create and assign LUNs, initialize disks, create partitions, volumes etc. VMM can also remove capacity, unmounts volumes, mask LUNs etc.

Storage Spaces
Transform high-volume, low cost disks into flexible, resilient virtualized storage

Storage Tiering*
Pool HDD & SSD and automatically move hot data to SSD for increased performance

Data Deduplication
Reduce file storage consumption, now supported for live VDI virtual hard disks*

Hyper-V over SMB 3.0

Ease of provisioning, increased flexibility & seamless integration with high performance

New in Windows Server 2012 R2 *

Inbox solution for Windows to manage storage

Virtualize storage by grouping industrystandard disks into storage pools Pools are sliced into virtual disks, or Spaces. Spaces can be Thin Provisioned, and can be striped across all physical disks in a pool. Mirroring or Parity are also supported. Windows then creates a volume on the Space, and allows data to be placed on the volume.

Spaces can use DAS only (local to the chassis, or via SAS)

Optimizing storage performance on Spaces

Disk pool consists of both high performance SSDs and higher capacity HDDs Hot data is moved automatically to SSD and cold data to HDD using Sub-File-Level data movement With write-back-caching, SSD absorb random writes that are typical in virtualized deployments Admins can pin hot files to SSDs manually to drive high performance SSD Tier - 400GB EMLC SAS SSD

Hot Data

New PowerShell cmdlets are available for the management of storage tiers

Store Hyper-V VMs on SMB 3.0 File Shares

Simplified Provisioning & Management Low OPEX and CAPEX Adding multiple NICs in File Servers unlocks SMB Multichannel enables higher throughput and reliability. Requires NICs of same type and speed. Using RDMA capable NICs unlocks SMB Direct offloading network I/O processing to the NIC. SMB Direct provides high throughput and low latency and can reach 40Gbps (RoCE) and 56Gbps (Infiniband) speeds
\\SOFSFileServerName\VMs

File Storage Integration

Comprehensive, Integrated File Storage Management
VMM supports network shares via SMB 3.0 on NAS device from storage vendors such as EMC and NetApp VMM supports integration and management with standalone and clustered file servers VMM will quickly discover and inventory selected File Storage VMM allows the selection, and now, the classification of existing File Shares to streamline VM placement

VMM allows IT Admin to assign Shares to Hyper-V hosts for VM placement, handling ACLing automatically.

Scale-Out File Server

Low Cost, High Performance, Resilient Shared Storage
Clustered file server for storing Hyper-V virtual machine files, on file shares High reliability, availability, manageability, and performance that you would expect from a SAN Active-Active file shares - file shares online simultaneously Increased bandwidth as more SOFS nodes are added CHKDSK with zero downtime & CSV Cache Created & Managed by VMM, both from existing Windows Servers & Bare Metal
JBOD Storage via Shared SAS

Scale Out File Server (4 Nodes) FS1 FS2 FS3 FS4

Clustered Spaces Clustered Pools

Scale-Out File Server Deployment

Centralized, Managed Deployment of File Storage
VMM can not only manage standalone File Servers, but can deploy Scale-Out File Servers, even to Bare Metal For Bare Metal deployment, a physical profile determines the characteristics of the File Server Existing Windows Servers can be transformed into a SOFS, right within VMM Once imported, VMM can transform individual disks into highly available, dynamic pools, complete with classification. VMM can then create the resilient Spaces & File Shares within the Storage Pool

Storage & Fabric Classification

Granular Classification of Storage & FC Fabrics
VMM can classify storage at a granular level to abstract storage detail: Volumes (including local host disks & Direct Attached Storage)

File Shares (Standalone & SOFS-based)

Storage Pools & SAN LUNs Fibre Channel Fabrics - Helps to identify fabric using friendly names.

Support for efficient & simplified deployment of VMs to classifications Now integrated with Clouds

In-box Disk Encryption to Protect Sensitive Data

Data Protection, built in

Supports Used Disk Space Only Encryption

Integrates with TPM chip Network Unlock & AD Integration

Multiple Disk Type Support

Direct Attached Storage (DAS)

Traditional SAN LUN Cluster Shared Volumes Windows Server 2012 File Server Share

Capability

Hyper-V (2012 R2)

vSphere Hypervisor

vSphere 5.5 Enterprise Plus

iSCSI/FC Support 3rd Party Multipathing (MPIO) SAN Offload Capability Storage Virtualization

Yes Yes Yes (ODX) Yes (Spaces)

Yes No No No

Yes Yes (VAMP)1 Yes (VAAI)2 Yes (vSAN)3

Storage Tiering
Network File System Support Data Deduplication Storage Encryption
1. 2. 3. 4.

Yes
Yes (SMB 3.0) Yes Yes

No
Yes (NFS) No No

Yes4
Yes (NFS) No No

vSphere API for Multipathing (VAMP) is only available in Enterprise & Enterprise Plus editions of vSphere 5.5 vSphere API for Array Integration (VAAI) is only available in Enterprise & Enterprise Plus editions of vSphere 5.5 vSphere vSAN is still in beta vSphere Flash Read Cache has a write-through caching mechanism only, so reads only are accelerated. vSAN also has SSD caching capabilities built in, acting as a read cache & write buffer.

vSphere Hypervisor / vSphere 5.x Ent+ Information: http://www.vmware.com/pdf/vsphere5/r55/vsphere-55-configuration-maximums.pdf, http://www.vmware.com/files/pdf/vsphere/VMwarevSphere-Platform-Whats-New.pdf, http://www.vmware.com/products/vsphere/compare.html,

Integrated Solution for Network Card Resiliency

Vendor agnostic and shipped inbox Provides local or remote management through Windows PowerShell or UI Enables teams of up to 32 network adapters Aggregates bandwidth from multiple network adapters whilst providing traffic failover in the event of NIC outage Includes multiple nodes: switch dependent and independent Multiple traffic distribution algorithms: Hyper-V Switch Port, Hashing and Dynamic Load Balancing

Virtual adapters

Team network adapter

Team network adapter

Connecting VMs to each other, and the outside world

3 Types of Hyper-V Network Private = VM to VM Communication Internal = VM to VM to Host (loopback) External = VM to Outside & Host

Hyper-V Host
VM1 VM2

Each vNIC can have multiple VLANs attached to it, however if using the GUI, only a single VLAN ID can be specified.
Set-VMNetworkAdapterVlan -VMName VM01 -Trunk -AllowedVlanIdList 14,22,40

Creating an external network transforms the chosen physical NIC into a switch and removes TCP/IP stack and other protocols Optional host vNIC is created to allow communication of host out of the physical NIC

Layer-2 Network Switch for Virtual Machine Connectivity

Virtual machine

HyperV host
Virtual machine Network application Virtual network adapter Virtual machine Network application Virtual network adapter Network application Virtual network adapter

Extensible Switch Virtual Ethernet switch that runs in the management OS of the host

Exists on Windows Server Hyper-V, and Windows Client Hyper-V

Managed programmatically Extensible by partners and customers Virtual machines connect to the extensible switch with their virtual network adaptor Can bind to a physical NIC or team Bypassed by SR-IOV

Hyper-V Extensible Switch Physical network adapter

Physical switch

Layer-2 Network Switch for Virtual Machine Connectivity

Granular In-box Capabilities Isolated (Private) VLAN (PVLANs) ARP/ND Poisoning (spoofing) protection DHCP Guard protection

HyperV host
Virtual machine Network application Virtual network adapter Virtual machine Network application Virtual network adapter Virtual machine Network application Virtual network adapter

Virtual Port ACLs

Trunk Mode to VMs Network Traffic Monitoring PowerShell & WMI Interfaces for extensibility

Hyper-V Extensible Switch Physical network adapter

Physical switch

Build Extensions for Capturing, Filtering & Forwarding

2 Platforms for Extensions Network Device Interface Specification (NDIS) filter drivers Windows Filtering Platform (WFP) callout drivers NDIS filter drivers WFP callout drivers Ingress filtering Destination lookup and forwarding Egress filtering

Virtual Machine

Virtual Machine

Parent Partition
VM NIC Host NIC Virtual Switch Extension Protocol Capture Extensions Extension A Filtering Extensions Extension C Forwarding Extension Extension D Extension Miniport VM NIC

Extensions

Physical NIC
Hyper-V Extensible Switch architecture

Build Extensions for Capturing, Filtering & Forwarding

Many Key Features
Extension monitoring & uniqueness Extensions that learn VM life cycle Extensions that can veto state changes Multiple extensions on same switch Cisco Nexus 1000V & UCS-VMFEX NEC ProgrammableFlow PF1000 5nine Security Manager

Virtual Machine

Virtual Machine

Parent Partition
VM NIC Host NIC Virtual Switch Extension Protocol Capture Extensions Extension A Filtering Extensions Extension C Forwarding Extension Extension D Extension Miniport VM NIC

Several Partner Solutions Available

InMon - SFlow

Physical NIC
Hyper-V Extensible Switch architecture

Advanced Networking Capability

Hyper-V (2012 R2)

vSphere Hypervisor

vSphere 5.5 Enterprise Plus

Integrated NIC Teaming

Yes

Yes

Yes

Extensible Network Switch

Confirmed Partner Solutions Private Virtual LAN (PVLAN) ARP Spoofing Protection DHCP Snooping Protection Virtual Port ACLs Trunk Mode to Virtual Machines

Yes
5 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

No
N/A No No No No No

Replaceable
2 Yes1 vCloud/Partner2 vCloud/Partner2 vCloud/Partner2 Yes3

Port Monitoring
Port Mirroring
1.
2. 3.

Yes
Yes

Per Port Group

Per Port Group

Yes3
Yes3

The vSphere Distributed Switch (required for PVLAN capability) is available only in the Enterprise Plus edition of vSphere 5.5 and is replaceable (By Partners such as Cisco/IBM) rather than extensible. ARP Spoofing, DHCP Snooping Protection & Virtual Port ACLs require the vCloud Networking & Security package, which is part of the vCloud Suite or a Partner solution, all of which are additional purchases Trunking VLANs to individual vNICs, Port Monitoring and Mirroring at a granular level requires vSphere Distributed Switch, which is available in the Enterprise Plus edition of vSphere 5.5

vSphere Hypervisor / vSphere 5.x Ent+ Information: http://www.vmware.com/products/cisco-nexus-1000V/overview.html, http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/networking/switches/virtual/dvs5000v/, http://www.vmware.com/technical-resources/virtualization-topics/virtual-networking/distributed-virtual-switches.html, http://www.vmware.com/files/pdf/techpaper/Whats-New-VMware-vSphere51-Network-Technical-Whitepaper.pdf, and http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/switches/ps9441/ps9902/data_sheet_c78-492971.html, http://www.vmware.com/products/vcloudnetwork-security,

Comprehensive Network Management

Integrated management of the software defined network
Top of rack switch management and integration for configuration and compliance Logical network management: named networks that serve particular functions in your environment i.e. backend IP address pool management and integration with IP address management Host and VM network switch management Load balancer integration and automated deployment Network virtualization deployment and management

Top of Rack Switch Integration

Synchronize & Integrate ToR Settings with VMM
Physical switch management and integration built into VMM using in-box or partnersupplied provider Switches running Open Management Infrastructure (OMI) Switch Management PowerShell Cmdlets Common management interface across multiple network vendors
Automate common network management

Communicating using WS-MAN

tasks

OMI

OMI

OMI

Manage compliancy between VMM, Hyper-V Hosts & physical switches.

Logical Networks
Abstraction of Infrastructure Networks with VMM
Logical networks are named networks that serve particular functions i.e. Backend, Frontend, or Backup. Used to organize and simplify network assignments Logical network is a container for network sites, IP subnet & VLAN information Supports VLANs & PVLAN Isolation Hosts & Host Groups can be associated with Logical Networks IP Addresses can be assigned to Host & VM NICs from Static IP Pools

Static IP Pool Management in VMM

IP Address Management for Hosts & Virtual Machines
VMM can maintain centralized control of host & VM IP address assignment IP Pools defined and associated with a Logical Network & Site

VMM supports specifying IP range, along with VIPs & IP address reservations
Each IP Pool can have Gateway, DNS & WINS Configured. IP address pools support both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, but not in the same pool. IP addresses assigned on VM creation, and retrieved on VM deletion

The Logical Switch

Centralized Configuration of Network Adaptors across Hosts
Combines key VMM networking constructs to standardize deployment across multiple hosts within the infrastructure: Uplink Port Profiles Native Port Profile for Uplinks

Port Classification
Native Port Profile for vNIC

Virtual Port Profiles for vNICs

Port Classifications for vNICs Switch Extensions

Logical Switches support compliance & remediation

Port Classification
Native Port Profile for vNIC

Logical Switches support Host NIC Teaming & Converged Networking

Uplink Port Profiles

Host Physical Network Adaptor Configuration with VMM
Uplink Port Profile centralized configuration of physical NIC settings that VMM will apply upon assigning a Logical Switch to a Hyper-V host. Teaming Automatically created when assigned to multiple physical NICs, but admin can select LB algorithm & teaming mode Sites Assign the relevant network sites & logical networks that will be supported by this uplink port profile

Virtual Port Profiles

Host Physical Network Adaptor Configuration with VMM
Virtual Port Profile Used to pre-configure VM or Host vNICs with specific settings. Offloading Admins can enable offload capabilities for a specific vNIC Port Profile. Dynamic VMq, IPsec Task Offload & SR-IOV are available choices. Security Admins can enable key Hyper-V security settings for the vNIC Profile, such as DHCP Guard, or enable Guest Teaming. QoS Admins can configure QoS bandwidth settings for the vNIC Profile so when assigned to VMs, their traffic may be limited/guaranteed.

Increased efficiency of network processing on Hyper-V hosts

Without VMQ Hyper-V Virtual Switch is responsible for routing & sorting packets for VMs

Hyper-V Host

Hyper-V Host

Hyper-V Host

This leads to increased CPU processing, all focused on CPU0

Physical NIC creates virtual network queues for each VM to reduce host CPU Processor cores dynamically allocated for a better spread of network traffic processing

With VMQ

With Dynamic VMQ

Integrated with NIC hardware for increased performance

Virtual Machine VM Network Stack Synthetic NIC Virtual Function

Standard that allows PCI Express devices to be shared by multiple VMs

More direct hardware path for I/O Reduces network latency, CPU utilization for processing traffic and increases throughput SR-IOV capable physical NICs contain virtual functions that are securely mapped to VM This bypasses the Hyper-V Extensible Switch

Hyper-V Extensible Switch

Full support for Live Migration

SR-IOV NIC

VF

VF

VF

Achieve desired levels of networking performance

Bandwidth Management Establishes a bandwidth floor Assigns specified bandwidth for each type of traffic Helps to ensure fair sharing during congestion Can exceed quota with no congestion

Relative minimum bandwidth

Normal priority
W=1

Strict minimum bandwidth

Bronze tenant
100 MB

High priority
W=2

Critical

Silver tenant
200 MB

Gold tenant
500 MB

W=5

Hyper-V Extensible Switch

Hyper-V Extensible Switch

1 Gbps

2 Mechanisms

Bandwidth oversubscription

Gold tenant
500 MB

Gold tenant
500 MB

Gold tenant
500 MB

Enhanced packet scheduler (software)

Network adapter with DCB support (hardware)

Hyper-V Extensible Switch

NIC Teaming

1 Gbps

1 Gbps

Port Classifications
Abstract Technical Depth from Virtual Network Adaptors
Port Classifications provides a global name for identifying different types of virtual network adapter port profiles Cross-Switch - Classification can be used across multiple logical switches while the settings for the classification remain specific to each logical switch Simplification Similar to Storage Classification, Port Classification used to abstract technical detail when deploying VMs with certain vNICs. Useful in Self-Service scenarios.

Constructing the Logical Switch

Combining Building Blocks to Standardize NIC Configuration
Simple Setup Define the name and whether SR-IOV will be used by VMs. SR-IOV can only be enabled at switch creation time. Switch Extensions Pre-installed/ Configured extensions available for use with this Logical Switch are chosen at this stage Teaming Decide whether this logical switch will bind to individual NICs, or to NICs that VMM should team automatically. Virtual Ports Define which port classifications and virtual port profiles can be used with this Logical Switch

Deploying the Logical Switch

Applying Standardized Configuration Across Hosts
Assignment VMM can assign logical switches directly to the Hyper-V hosts. Teaming or No Teaming Your logical switch properties will determine if multiple NICs are required or not Converged Networking VMM can create Host Virtual Network Adaptors for isolating host traffic types i.e. Live Migration, CSV, SMB 3.0 Storage, Management etc. It will also issue IP addresses from its IP Pool. This is useful with hosts that have just 2 x 10GbE adaptors but require multiple separate, resilient networks.