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Power Electronics Seminar

Power electronics combines power, electronics, and control to efficiently convert electrical energy from one form to another. It involves using solid-state electronics like transistors and thyristors to control and convert electric power. Power electronics is based on switching power semiconductor devices like diodes, thyristors, and transistors on and off rapidly. The history of power electronics began in the early 1900s with mercury arc rectifiers and evolved with the development of transistors and thyristors. Power electronic circuits can be classified into six types: diode rectifiers, DC-DC converters, DC-AC converters, AC-DC converters, AC-AC converters, and static switches. Designing power electronics equipment involves circuits, protection, control strategy, and logic/

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2K views

Power Electronics Seminar

Power electronics combines power, electronics, and control to efficiently convert electrical energy from one form to another. It involves using solid-state electronics like transistors and thyristors to control and convert electric power. Power electronics is based on switching power semiconductor devices like diodes, thyristors, and transistors on and off rapidly. The history of power electronics began in the early 1900s with mercury arc rectifiers and evolved with the development of transistors and thyristors. Power electronic circuits can be classified into six types: diode rectifiers, DC-DC converters, DC-AC converters, AC-DC converters, AC-AC converters, and static switches. Designing power electronics equipment involves circuits, protection, control strategy, and logic/

Uploaded by

sreemukhi
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What is Power Electronics?

Applications of Power Electronics


❑ Power electronics combines power,electronics and
control.Control deals with the steady-state and dynamic
characteristics of closed-loop systems.
❑ Power deals with the static and rotating power equipment
for the generation ,transmission, and distribution of
electrical energy.
❑ Electronics deal with the solid-state devices and circuits
for signal processing to meet the desired control
objectives.
❑ Power Electronics may be defined as the application of
solid-state electronics for the control and conversion of
electric power.
Contd…..!
❑ There is more than one way to define power
electronics.One could also define power electronics as
the art of converting electrical energy from one form
to another in an efficient,clean,compact manner for
the energy utilization to meet the desired needs.
❑ Power electronics is based primarily on the switching
of the power semiconductor devices.
History of Power Electronics
➢ The history of power electronics began with the
introduction of the mercury arc rectifier in 1900.
➢ Then the metal tank rectifier,grid-controlled vacuum-tube
rectifier,ignitron,phanotron and thyratron were introduced
gradually.These devices were applied for power control
until the 1950s.
➢ The first electronics revolution began in 1948 with the
invention of the silicon transistor Bell Telephone
Laboratories by Bardeen,Brattain and Schokley.
Contd…..!
▶ The second electronics revolution began in 1958 with
development of the commercial thyristor by the
General Electric Company.That was the beginning of
new era of power electronics.
▶ The power electronics revolution has gained
mommentum since the late 1980s and early 1990s.
Types Of Power Electronic Circuits
▶ The power electronics circuits can be classified into six
types:
▶ 1.Diode rectifiers
▶ 2.Dc-dc converters(dc choppers)
▶ 3.Dc-ac converters(inverters)
▶ 4.Ac-dc converters(controlled rectifiers)
▶ 5.Ac-ac converters(ac voltage controllers)
▶ 6.Static switches
Diode Rectifiers
Dc-dc converters
Dc-ac converters
Ac-dc converters
Ac-ac converters
Static switches
▶ Because the power devices can be operated as static
switches or contactors, the supply could be either ac
or dc and the switches are known as an ac static
switches or dc switches.
Design Of Power Electronics Equipment
▶ The design of power electronics equipment can be
divided into four parts:
▶ 1.Design of power circuits
▶ 2.Protection of power devices
▶ 3.Determination of control strategy
▶ 4.Design of logic and gating circuits
Determining The Root-Mean-square
values of waveforms
Determing the root square values To accurately determine the conduction losses in a
device and the current ratings of the device and components, the rms values of the
current waveforms must be known. The rms value of a waveform i(t) can be
calculated as

If a waveform can be broken up into harmonics whose rms values can be calculated
individually, the rms values of the actual waveforms can be approximated satisfactorily
by combining the rms values of the harmonics. That is the rms value of the wave form is
calculated by
Peripheral Effects
Characteristics and Specifications of
Switches
There are many power switching devices. Each device,however has its advantages and
disadvantages and is suitable to specific applications.
Ideal characteristics:
The ideal switch has the following properties:
infinite breakdown voltage,
when the switch is off, there is zero current through the switch,
when switch is on, there is zero voltage across the switch,
the turn-on and turn-off transition times of ideal switches are zero,
since the either the voltage or the current is always zero in an ideal switch, the instantaneous
dissipation which is the product of instantaneous voltage and instantaneous current is always
zero
Characteristics of Practical Devices
The average conduction power loss
Pon is given by:
The resultant switching power loss Psw during the turn-on and
turn-off periods is given by:

The power dissipation of a switching device is given by:


Switch Specifications
• voltage ratings
• current ratings
• switching speed or frequency
• di/dt rating
• dv/dt rating
• switching losses
• Gate-drive requirements
• Safe operating area(SOA)
• I^2It for fusing
• Temperatures
• Thermal resistance
Power semiconducter devices
Control Characteristics of Power Devices
Uncontrolled turn on and turn off (e.g.: diode). Controlled turn on and
uncontrolled turn off (e.g. SCR) Controlled turn on and off characteristics
(e.g. BJT, MOSFET, GTO, SITH, IGBT, SIT, MCT). Continuous gate signal
requirement (e.g. BJT, MOSFET, IGBT, SIT). Pulse gate requirement (e.g. SCR,
GTO, MCT). Bipolar voltage withstanding capability (e.g. SCR, GTO). Unipolar
voltage withstanding capability (e.g. BJT, MOSFET, GTO, IGBT, MCT).
Bidirectional current capability (e.g.: Triac, RCT). Unidirectional current
capability (e.g. SCR, GTO, BJT, MOSFET, MCT, IGBT, SITH, SIT & Diode).
Device Choices
THANK YOU
-By Sreemukhi Muddusetty

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