AUTO POWER SWITCHING MAINS,
SOLAR, INVERTOR OR GENERATOR
PRESENTED BY-
Humera
18VD1A0220
EEE
Contents :
Introduction
Working
Construction & Testing
Step Down Transformer /12 Volt Adopter
ULN2003 RELAY DRIVER
Block Diagram
Software Used
Advantages & Disadvantages
Applications
Future scopes & Aspects
Summary
Introduction :
This project is based on the AEIOU heuristic framework of Design Engineering Approach.
Design for Performance, Safety and Reliability is ensured in terms of switching module.
Design for Ergonomics and Aesthetics is ensured in terms of Priority set by the user regarding
availability of Power Source.
Working :
1. This project uses an arrangement of four different sources of supply, which are channelizedto a load
to have an uninterrupted operation of the load.
2. As System starts, it shows the Present available Supply on the LCD Screen.
3. Then according to the Priority Predefined in the Program,switching of the Sources takes place.
4. This system works on the pre-arranged priorities as Main Supply, Solar Supply, Inverter Supply, and
Generator Supply.Four toggle switches represent four different sources respectively and are
interfaced to the controller.
5. The system decision takes place by the commands given to the relay driver i.e. ULN2003 by the
programmed Microcontroller AT89S52. Accordingly, the relay driver selects which relay isto be
energized
CONSTRUCTION & TESTING :
Step Down Transformer /12 volt adopter :
A transformer is a device that transfers electric energy from one alternating-
current circuit to one or more other circuits, either increasing (stepping up)
or reducing (stepping down) the voltage.
We used an Adapter that is a step down transformer coupled with a rectifier
circuit Step-down transformer/12 Volt Adapter
ULN2003 RELAY DRIVER :
Relays are electromechanical devices or solid-state devices, which operate in response
to a signal, which may be voltage, current, temperature etc.
Electromagnetic relays operate due to magnetic fields.
They are composed of two parts: (1) The operating coil and (2) The magnetic switch.
Contd…..
ULN2003 Relay Driver
The ULN2003 is a monolithic high voltage and high current Darlington transistor arrays.
It consists of seven NPN Darlington pairs that feature high-voltage outputs with
common-cathode Clamp diode for switching inductive loads. The collector-current
rating of a single Darlington pair is 500mA. The Darlington pairs may be paralleled for
higher current capability.
Block Diagram :
Software used :
1) Autodesk Eagle
– PCB Designing
2) Keil µvision
-To Program AT89S52
Microcontroller AT89S52 :
The AT89S52 is a low power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller
with 8K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory.
The device is manufactured using ATMEL’s high-density non-volatile memory
technology and is compatible with the industry standard 80C51 instruction set
and pin out.
Flow chart :
Advantages
Power Supply can be Controlled from four
different Sources , If any problem occurred in
one source then other source can be used
Disadvantages
Cost of equipment is very high.
Its very difficult to install and maintain the kit.
Applications :
Power supply can be used in:
Industries
Hospitals
Schools
Multiplexes
Banks
Future scopes & aspects
We can implement GSM technology to inform
the technician from which source power
supply is coming.
Summary:
We conclude that objective of this is to develop an “AUTOMATIC POWER SUPPLY
CONTROL FROM 4 DIFFERENT SOURCES : SOLAR, MAINS, GENERATOR & INVERTER TO
ENSURE BREAK POWER”.
It has been developed by integrating features of all the hardware components used.
Presence of every module hase been reasoned out and placed carefully thus
contributing to the best working of the unit.
Reference :
Bernard Grob and Mutton S. Kiver. Application of electronic. Syed Sons
Printer. Lahore. 1985.pp 162-167, 171, 174.
Thomas E. Newman. Electricity and Electronics Glencoe McGraw Hill 1995.pp.
280-281, 414.
THANKYOU
