HAVIGHURT’S
DEVELOPMENTAL TASK
DURING LIFE SPAN
OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC
According to Robert J. Havighurst The process of change and growth that
people go through in life is known as development. Havighurst's theory of
development stated that change and growth are continuous throughout the
entire life, from birth through death. He distinguishes them into three stages,
and people can move from one stage to the next by solving problems or
passing developmental tasks. However, what is a developmental task? A
developmental task definition includes a task that happens around a certain
period in life in which success leads to happiness and failure results in
unhappiness.
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS VARY BY THE
STAGE AND COULD INCLUDE:
• Learning to walk
• Achieving personal independence
• Preparing for marriage and family life
• Managing a home
• Developing adult leisure-time activities
• Adjusting to retirement and reduced income
HAVIGHURT’S DEVELOPMENTAL
STAGE
• Infancy and Early Childhood: This stage typically lasts from birth through age
five. In this stage, humans learn basic survival. Babies and young children find
control of their bodies, develop initial language concepts, and form friendships.
• Middle Childhood: This stage typically lasts from age 6 to 12. This is the stage
humans learn about self, morals, values, and personal independence. Children
learn rules, different functions in society, academic skills, and attitudes toward
various groups of people.
• Adolescence: This stage typically lasts from age 13 to 17. This is
when humans learn maturity, emotional independence, and planning
for the future. Teenagers learn about careers, create personal
ideologies, and become socially responsible.
• Early Adulthood: This stage typically lasts from age 18 to 35.
Humans learn how to be productive members of society. Adults
manage to select a mate, raise a family, manage a home, and further
their career.
• Middle Age: This stage typically lasts from age 36 to 60. This is the stage
humans establish a standard of living and support their families, often both
caring for their children and parents. They maintain jobs, find new leisure
activities, manage social responsibilities, and adjust to physical changes.
• Later Maturity: It typically lasts from age 61 through the end of life. At this
stage, humans have worsening health and strength. A changing work schedule,
adjustment to lower income, and coping with the death of loved ones often
occur during this time.