LESSON
OBJECTIVES
At the end
able to:
of the lesson the learners should be
1. define functions, relations, domain and range,
2. determine whether or not an ordered pair, an
arrow diagram, set of table values, graph and
equation represents a function.
3. define and explain functional relationship as a
mathematical model of situation; and
4. represent real-life situations using functions,
including piece-wise function.
FUNCTIONS
REPRESENTING REAL-LIFE
SITUATIONS USING
FUNCTIONS
INSPIRED BY
RELATION
A relation is any set of ordered
pairs. The set of all first elements
of the ordered pairs are called the
domain of the relation, and the set
of all second elements is called the
range.
EXAMPLE
A= {(1,2), (2,1),(3,2),(1,4)}
FUNCTION
function is a relation or rule of
correspondence between two
elements (domain and range) such
that each element in the domain
corresponds to exactly one element
in the range.
EXAMPLE
A= {(1,2), (2,1),(3,2),(5,4)}
EXAMPLE
X = {(1,2),(3,4),(1,7),(5,1)}
G = {(3,2),(2,1),(8,2),(5,7)}
H = {(4,1),(2,3),(2,6),(7,2)}
Y = {(2,9),(3,4),(9,2),(6,7)}
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
4 5
VERTICAL 5
LINE TEST 3
Use the vertical line test to check -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-1
whether a graph of a relation is a
function. -2
-3
If a vertical line, drawn anywhere on -4
the graph, can touch the graph only -5
once, then it is a function.
VERTICAL 5
LINE TEST 3
If a vertical line, drawn anywhere on -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-1
the graph, can touch the graph more
than once, then the relation is not a -2
function. -3
-4
-5
4 5
FUNCTIONS AS
REPRESENTATION OF
REAL-LIFE SITUATIONS
Functions can often be used to model
real situations. Identifying an
appropriate functional model will lead
to a better understanding of various
phenomena.
EXAMPLE
1.Give a function C that can
represent the cost of buying x
meals, if one meal costs P40.
EXAMPLE
2. If the distance (D) is a
function of time (t), give the
function D that can represent the
distance a car travels in t time, if
every hour the car travels 60
kilometers.
EXAMPLE
3. Give a function B that can
represent the amount of battery
charge of a cellular phone in h
hour, if 12% of battery was loss
every hour.
PIECEWISE
FUNCTION
Some situations require more than one
formula in order to obtain the given output.
A piecewise function is a function in which
more than one formula is used to define the
output.
EXAMPLE
1. A user is charged P250.00 monthly for a
particular mobile plan, which includes 200 free text
messages. Messages in excess of 200 are charged
P1.00 each. Represent the monthly cost for text
messaging using the function t(m), where m is the
number of messages sent in a month.
EXAMPLE
2. A certain chocolate bar costs P50.00 per piece.
However, if you buy more than 5 pieces, they will
mark down the price to P48.00 per piece. Use a
piecewise function to represent the cost in terms of
the number of chocolate bars bought.
EXAMPLE
3.The cost of hiring the catering service to serve
food for a party is P250.00 per head for 50 persons
or less, P200.00 per head for 51 to 100 persons, and
P150.00 per head for more than 100. Represent the
total cost as a piecewise function of the number of
attendees to the party.
LET’S TRY!
1. A person is earning P750.00
per day to do a certain job.
Express the total salary S as a
function of the number n of days
that the person works.
LET’S TRY!
2. A tricycle driver ride costs P10.00
for the first 2 kilometers and each
additional kilometer adds P8.00 to
the fare. Use a piecewise function to
represent the tricycle fare in terms
of distance d in kilometers.
GROUP WORK!
Activity #4: Function in Real Life
Construct a real-life scenario of function
which can be presented by piece-wise
function.
ASSESSMENT
ASSESSMENT
1. Xandria rides through a jeepney
which charges ₱8.00 for the first 4
kilometers and additional ₱0.50 for
each additional kilometer. Express the
jeepney fare (F) as function of the
number of kilometer (d) that Xandria
pays for the ride.
ASSESSMENT
2. An internet company charges P500.00
for the first 30GB used in a month. Every
exceeding GB will then cost P30.00. But if
the consumer reach a total of 50 GB and
above, a flat rate of P1000.00 will be
charged instead. Write a piecewise function
C(g) that represents the charge according to
GB used.
ASSIGNMENT:
At home or in your community look for at
least one (1) situation that could represent
functions. From the identified situation, write
a sample problem and its corresponding
equation. Write your answer in a ½ crosswise
paper.
