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HCI U-I Human Memory

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52 views

HCI U-I Human Memory

Uploaded by

suganyatklncecs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CS8079 - Human

Computer Interaction
UNIT - I

FOUNDATIONS OF HCI

Year: IV
Prepared by,
Semester: VII
Mrs. T. SUGANYA, M.E.,
Topic: The Human AP/CSE
Date: 21-08-2020 Solamalai College of
Engineering
Human Memory
Memory
It is the second part of Human
Information Processing System
Human Memory
Memory
It is the second part of Human
Information Processing System
Three types of Memory
Sensory Memory
Short term Memory
Long Term Memory
Sensory Memory
It act as “buffers” for stimuli received through
senses
◦ iconic memory: visual stimulus
◦ echoic memory: acoustic stimulus
◦ haptic memory: touch stimulus
Human Memory
Sensory Memory
◦ Information is passed from sensory
memory into short-term memory by
attention
◦ Attention is the concentration of the mind

◦ We can able to focus our attention to one


thing at a time
◦ These Memories are Constantly
Overwritten
Human Memory
Short Term Memory
◦ Working Memory
◦ Act as Scratch pad for temporary RECALL
of Information
◦ Information stay here for 200ms
◦ Limited Capacity
◦ To Measure the Memory Capacity
 Length of a sequence which can be memorized
 Items to be freely recalled in any order
Human Memory
Short Term Memory
◦ Exercise 1:

265376208
53
Human Memory
Short Term Memory
◦ Exercise 2:

44 113 245
8920
Human Memory
Short Term Memory

◦Which one is easy to


recall?
◦ Second Exercise
◦ It has chunks
◦ Successful formation of chunk is called
CLOSURE
Human Memory
Short Term Memory
◦ Exercise 3:

The Brown Cat ran up the


tree. The dog is barking
and the horse is running
slowly.
◦What do u recall first?
Human Memory
Short Term Memory
◦ Recall of the last words presented is
better than recall of those in the
middle.

◦ This is known as the “recency effect”


Human Memory
Long Term Memory
◦ Stores Facts, Experiential Knowledge,
Rules
◦ Two Types
 Semantic - facts
 Episodic - events
◦Model
 Semantic Network Model
 Frame based Representation Model
 Script Model
 Procedural Knowledge Model
LTM - semantic network
Models of Long Term Memory
- Frames
Information organized in data structures
Slots in structure instantiated with values for
instance of data
Type–subtype relationships

DOG COLLIE
Fixed Fixed
legs: 4 breed of: DOG
Default type: sheepdog
diet: carniverous Default
sound: bark size: 65 cm
Variable
Variable
size:
colour colour
14
Models of LTM - Scripts
Model of stereotypical information
Script has elements that can be
instantiated with values for
context
Episodic – scene by scene
Script for a visit to the vet
Roles:vet examines
Entry conditions:
diagnoses
dog ill
treats
vet open
owner brings dog in
owner has money
pays
takes dog out
Result: dog better
owner poorer
Scenes: arriving at reception
vet richer
waiting in room
examination
Props: examination
paying
table
medicine
Tracks: dog needs medicine
instruments
dog needs operation
Models of LTM - Production
rules
LTM is not only ‘facts’ it is also ‘rules’
Representation of procedural knowledge.
Condition/action rules
if condition is matched
then use rule to determine action.

IF dog is wagging tail


THEN pat dog

IF dog is growling
THEN run away
LTM – Memory Process
3 Steps
◦Storage or remembering of
Information
◦Forgetting
◦Information Retrieval
Storage or remembering of
Information
Rehearsal
Information is stored from STM to
LTM by rehearsal
structure, meaning and familiarity
◦information easier to remember 18
LTM - Forgetting
Decay
◦ information is lost gradually but very
slowly
Interference
◦ new information replaces
old :retroactive interference
 E.g. New Mobile No
◦ old may interfere with new: proactive
inhibition
 E.g. Old Address , First Impression of a
Person
 Forgetting - by Emotional Factors
LTM - Retrieval
Recall
◦ information reproduced from
memory can be assisted by signals,
◦ e.g. categories, imagery
Recognition
◦ information gives knowledge that it
has been seen before
◦ less complex than recall
◦ E.g. Multiple choice Question

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