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UI GES 101 ONLINE LECTURE NOTE (SENTENCES)

The document provides an overview of sentences in the English language, defining a sentence as a unit that conveys a full thought and usually consists of a subject and predicate. It classifies sentences by structure into four types: simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex, and by function into declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory sentences. Examples are provided for each type to illustrate their usage.

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20 views13 pages

UI GES 101 ONLINE LECTURE NOTE (SENTENCES)

The document provides an overview of sentences in the English language, defining a sentence as a unit that conveys a full thought and usually consists of a subject and predicate. It classifies sentences by structure into four types: simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex, and by function into declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory sentences. Examples are provided for each type to illustrate their usage.

Uploaded by

adebanjof2007
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GES 101: USE OF ENGLISH I

• TOPIC: SENTENCE IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE


• DEFINITION OF A SENTENCE

• A sentence, in “Effective English Usage: A Textbook for GES


101: Use of English I” (2019: page 173) edited by Osisanwo
and Adebiyi-Adelabu is a unit of language that conveys a full
thought. A sentence also usually consists of a subject and a
predicate. There are also sentences with just one word (verb)
each and they are complete sentences. Examples of sentences
containing only one word (verb) each are:
• Go!
• Come.
• Read.
• SENTENCE CLASSIFICATION
• Sentence classification is usually by
• STRUCTURE OF THE SENTENCE; and
by FUNCTION OF THE SENTENCE.
Hence, using STRUCTURE as the
parameter, there are four different types of
sentence as listed below:
• SIMPLE SENTENCE;
• COMPOUND SENTENCE;
• COMPLEX SENTENCE; and
• COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE.
• Let us take them in turns.
• SIMPLE SENTENCE: A simple sentence,
in English grammar, is a sentence that
expresses a single idea. Examples are:
• Africa is my fatherland.
• Nigeria is my country.
• Mrs Ngozi Okonjo Iweala is a PhD holder.

• COMPOUND SENTENCE: A compound


sentence, in English grammar, is a
combination of, at least, two simple
sentences joined together by a
coordinating conjunction. Examples of
compound sentences are:
• Man proposes but God disposes.
• Leave now and never come again!
• You must face your studies squarely or
you will just waste your precious time.

• COMPLEX SENTENCE: A complex


sentence, in English grammar, usually
contains one main clause and at least one
subordinate clause. Examples of complex
sentences are:
• If some achieve greatness, we students of
University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State,
Nigeria will also achieve greatness.
• People appreciate you when you are
wealthy.
• He goes to the stream though he does not
swim.
• COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE: A
compound-complex sentence, in English
grammar, is a combination of one compound
sentence and one complex sentence. Examples
of compound-complex sentences are:
• Tobi visited us and informed us that he was
getting married since he had found his love.
• As long as I can pray, I will remain hopeful and I
will always be happy at home.
• When the students got to the zoo, the boys sang
while the girls danced.
For more explanations and more examples, let us read
“Effective English Usage: A Textbook for GES 101:
Use of English I” (2019: pages 177 to 182) edited by
Osisanwo and Adebiyi-Adelabu
• Using FUNCTION as the parameter, there
are also four different types of sentence as
listed below:
• DECLARATIVE SENTENCE;
• INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE;
• IMPERATIVE SENTENCE; and
• EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE.
• Let us take them in turns.
• DECLARATIVE SENTENCE: Declarative
sentence is a sentence expressing a fact
or an idea. Examples of declarative
sentences are:
• Charity begins at home.
• Every country of the world battles with
limited resources.
• Technology has taken the whole world to
the next level.
• NOTE: Every declarative sentence usually
starts with capital letter and ends with Full
Stop ( . ).
• INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE:
Interrogative sentence is a question
usually asked to make one inquiry or the
other. Examples are:
• When are we going to diversify our
economy in Nigeria?
• Have you prepared for today’s online
lecture?
• Who is your Lord and Saviour?
• NOTE: Every interrogative sentence
usually starts with capital letter and ends
with Question Mark ( ? ).
• IMPERATIVE SENTENCE: Imperative
sentence is usually a command or an
order uttered to give instruction or advice.
Examples are:
• Do not keep bad company.
• Read your books always.
• Stop the destruction.
• NOTE: Every imperative sentence usually
starts with capital letter and ends with Full
Stop ( . ).
• EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE:
Exclamatory sentence is usually
constructed to show outburst of feelings
like happiness, hatred, fear, joy, pain,
sorrow, surprise, amazement, support,
opposition, argument, rejection,
condemnation war and so on. Examples of
exclamatory sentences are:
• What a great loss!
• What a nerve-shattering misfortune!
• Happy New Year!
• NOTE: Every exclamatory sentence
usually starts with capital letter and ends
with Exclamation Mark ( ! ).
For more explanations and more examples, let us
read “Effective English Usage: A Text for
GES 101: Use of English I” (2019: pages 182
to 185) edited by Osisanwo and Adebiyi-
Adelabu

• This is the end of today’s GES 101 online


lecture on SENTENCE.

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