Module –Aluminium

Extraction and Indian

scenario
Department of Metallurgical and Materials
Engineering

GROUP
10 Archana Mallik, PhD
Course Instructor
ALUMINIUM
MEMBERS OF GROUP 10
SAI KALYAN OJHA
BOGOJU NIKHIL
SIDDHARTHA PRIYADARSHI
SWARNIM AGRAWAL
THALLAM ARYA
K JAI RAM
TORLAPATI KAVITHA RANI
SHREESH KUMAR DAS
KILLI SRINU
PRASHANT PARASHAR
0 5 / 1 4 / 2 0 2 5
 WHAT IS ALUMINIUM?
• Aluminum is a chemical element in the boron group with symbol Al and the
atomic number 13.
• It is a silvery-white ,soft , nonmagnetic, ductile metal.
• It’s outer shell electronic configuration is- [Ne] 3s² 3p¹
 WHO DISCOVERED IT

•Humankind came across aluminium long before the

metal we know today was produced.
•In 1808,Humphry davy identified the existence of
metal base of alum which is called 'alumen' in Latin
and named it as aluminium.
•Friedrich wholer is generally credited with isolating
aluminium in 1827 by mixing anhydrous aluminium
chloride and potassium.
0 5 / 1 4 / 2 0 2 5
 Ores of Aluminium

Bauxite-Al2O3. 2H2O. Corundum- Al₂O₃ Felspar-KAlSi 3O 8

Cryolite- Na3AlF6 Alunite- KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6. Kaolin-Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O

PRIMARY SOURCE LAND

 Primary aluminium is aluminium

tapped from electrolytic cells or pots
during the electrolytic reduction of
metallurgical alumina (aluminium
oxide). It thus excludes alloying
additives and recycled aluminium.
 Primary aluminium production is
defined as the quantity of primary
aluminium produced in a defined
period. It is the quantity of molten or
liquid metal tapped from the pots
and that is weighed before transfer
to a holding furnace or before further
processing.
Aluminium foil is used to wrap
chocolates ,coke tins,packing foods etc ..
 Primary Al production
Estimated unreported to IAI 2029

China 3837

Gulf cooperation council 5889

oceania 1888

Russia and eastern europe 4139

Western and central europe 3329

Asia (ex china) 4499

south america 1163

North america 3880

Africa 1590

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

Primary Al Production
 Total Al Production of the year 2021 (in thousand metric tonnes) : 67,243

Primary Al production

Africa
North america
6% 5% south america
12% 12% Asia (ex china)
Western and central europe
4%
Russia and eastern europe
oceania
18% 14% Gulf cooperation council
China
Estimated unreported to IAI
6% 10%
13%

P Russia &
North South Asia (ex Western & Gulf Cooperation China Estimated Daily
Africa Eastern Oceania Total
eriod America America China) Central Europe Council (Estimated) Unreported to IAI Average
Europe

2021 1590 3880 1163 4499 3329 4139 1888 5889 38,837 2029 67243 184.2
 Primary source sea

Overall, the Earth is about 1.59%

aluminum by mass (seventh in
abundance by mass). In the Earth's
crust, aluminium is the most
abundant metallic element (8.23% by
mass) and the third most abundant of
all elements (after oxygen and
silicon). Aluminium also occurs in
seawater at a concentration of 2
μg/kg.

Feldspars, the most common group of
minerals in the Earth's crust, are
aluminosilicates. Aluminium also
occurs in the minerals beryl, cryolite,
garnet, spinel, and turquoise.

Ca- Plagioclase
Na- Plagioclase
Orthoclase
 SECONDARY SOURCE
THERE IS ANOTHER FAR LESS COMMON METHOD
FOR MAKING ALUMINA. IT'S CALLED SINTERING.
THE SINTERING PROCESS IS MORE ENERGY
INTENSIVE THAN THE BAYER PROCESS, BUT IT CAN
BE USED TO MAKE ALUMINA FROM BAUXITES WITH
A HIGH CONTENT OF TOXIC SILICA ADMIXTURES.
 INDIAN SCENARIO
•India is the second largest producer of
aluminium after China. Government’s
projects like ‘Make in India’ and ‘Smart City’
are expected to give huge impetus to the
demand for non-ferrous metals in the
nation. FICCI’s Non-ferrous Metals
Committee is actively engaged with the
Government for furthering the growth of
sector by focusing upon capacity expansion,
boosting domestic demand & consumption.
The Committee comprises of all the major
non-ferrous metals organizations and
associations of the nation.
SUPPLY

 India Imports of Aluminum

was US$5.68 Billion during
2021, according to the
United Nations COMTRADE
database on international
trade. India Imports of
Aluminum - data, historical
chart and statistics - was
last updated on August of
2022
 Aluminum consumption in India at 2.4 kg per
capita is much below the global average of 11 kg

DEMAND per capita. Demand for the metal is expected to

pick up as the scenario improves for user
industries, like power, infrastructure and
transportation
 MAJOR COMPANIES

 Vedanta is the largest HINDALCO's aluminium production

NALCO’s performance in the
aluminium producer in India rose by 5.3pc on the year to 1.29mn
first half of 2021-22 registered
with a capacity of 2.3 mtpa t during April 2021 to March 2022,
a growth of 783% in first half
and a 40% market share in while aluminium sales increased by
net earnings to `1,095 crore in
India's aluminium industry 4.2pc against the previous year to
which the share of September
1.3mn t. Hindalco's value-added
ended quarter was a hefty
aluminium production rose by 30pc
`748 crore
on the year to 349,000t, while sales
rose by 29pc against the previous
year to 348,000t.
 INDIAN SCENARIO OF
ALUMINIUM ORE/MINERAL
IMPORTS OF ALUMINIUM
ORE
• In 2021, India
imported 240.7
thousand metric
tons of Aluminium
Ore, becoming the
5th largest importer
of Aluminium Ore in
the world.
• India
imports Aluminium
Ore primarily from:
 EXPORTS OF ALUMINIUM ORE

In 2021, India exported

$6.97 Billion of Aluminium
Ore, making it the 3rd
largest exporter of
Aluminium Ore in the
world.
The main destination of
Aluminium Ore exports
from India are:
“
 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, we can see that aluminium is a very
important element. The fact that it is easily
recycled makes it very efficient too. The core
business of mining bauxite and producing alumina
and aluminium has been hit in recent years by a
persistently low metal price. But there are positive
signs for the industry as well. The world will
continue to need aluminium. Demand will
eventually catch up with production . There is
continued solid growth expected in future demand
 SPECIAL
MENTION
Aluminum occurs in greater proportion in the Earth's crust than in the Universe at
large, because aluminum easily forms the oxide and becomes bound into rocks and
stays in the Earth’s crust while less reactive metals sink to the core

Because of its strong affinity for oxygen, aluminium is almost never found in the
elemental state; instead, it is found in oxides or silicates

05/14/2025Annual Review 26
05/14/2025Annual Review 27