Understanding HTTP and
HTTPS
HTTP and HTTPS are the foundational protocols that power the
World Wide Web, enabling secure and reliable communication
between web browsers and servers. In this presentation, we will
explore the key differences, functionalities, and benefits of these
two protocols to gain a deeper understanding of how the internet
works.
by Zuberu Suguru Babajato
Introducing HTTP
(Hypertext Transfer
Protocol)
HTTP is the standard protocol used for transmitting data on the
web. It defines how web browsers and servers communicate,
allowing users to access and interact with web content. HTTP
operates through a simple request-response model, where the
client (usually a web browser) sends a request to the server, and
the server responds with the requested data.
HTTP vs. HTTPS: The Key Differences
HTTP HTTPS
Hypertext Transfer Protocol, the standard for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, the encrypted
unencrypted web communication. version of HTTP for secure data transmission.
The main difference between HTTP and HTTPS is that HTTPS adds an additional layer of security through encryption,
ensuring the privacy and integrity of the data being transmitted between the client and the server.
How HTTP Works: Request and Response
Client Request Server Response Rendering
The web browser (client) sends a The web server processes the request The web browser receives the server's
request to the web server, specifying and responds by sending the response and renders the web page
the resource it wants to access (e.g., a requested data back to the client, for the user to view and interact with.
web page). often in the form of HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript files.
This request-response cycle is the fundamental mechanism that allows users to access and interact with web content.
Limitations of HTTP: Security
Concerns
1 Data Vulnerability 2 Identity Theft
HTTP transmits data in plain text, Without encryption, sensitive
making it vulnerable to information like login credentials
interception and potential and financial data can be easily
eavesdropping by third parties. accessed by hackers.
3 Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
Attackers can intercept and modify the communication between the client
and server, compromising the integrity of the data.
These security weaknesses of HTTP have led to the development of HTTPS, which
addresses these concerns by providing encrypted and secure communication.
Introducing HTTPS
(Hypertext Transfer
Protocol Secure)
HTTPS is the encrypted version of HTTP, designed to provide a
secure and private communication channel between the web
browser and the web server. It uses SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) or
TLS (Transport Layer Security) protocols to encrypt the data,
ensuring that the information transmitted is protected from
unauthorized access and tampering.
HTTPS Encryption: Secure Data Transmission
Private Key
The private keys are used to encrypt and
decrypt the data, ensuring
Public Key confidentiality. Digital Certificates
The client and server exchange public Digital certificates verify the identity of
keys to establish a secure connection. the server, providing authentication and
trust.
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1 3
The combination of public-key cryptography, private-key encryption, and digital certificates ensures that HTTPS provides a
secure and reliable communication channel, protecting the privacy and integrity of the data being transmitted.
Benefits of HTTPS: Privacy, Integrity, and
Authentication
Privacy Integrity Authentication
HTTPS encrypts the data transmitted HTTPS ensures that the data HTTPS verifies the identity of the
between the client and server, transmitted has not been tampered server, ensuring that the user is
preventing eavesdropping and with, protecting the content from man- communicating with the intended
protecting sensitive information like in-the-middle attacks and other forms website and not a malicious
login credentials and financial data. of data manipulation. impersonator.
These security features make HTTPS essential for protecting sensitive information and building trust in online transactions and communicatio
Implementing HTTPS:
Certificates and Protocols
SSL/TLS Certificates
Websites must obtain and install SSL/TLS certificates from trusted Certificate
Authorities to enable HTTPS.
Secure Protocols
HTTPS supports various secure protocols like TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.3, which
provide stronger encryption and security features.
Server Configuration
Web servers must be configured to support HTTPS, including the
necessary certificate installations and protocol settings.
Implementing HTTPS is a crucial step for any website or web application to ensure
the protection of user data and maintain trust with its audience.
