PHP MySQL Database

• With PHP, you can connect to and manipulate databases.

• MySQL is the most popular database system used with PHP.

What is MySQL?

 MySQL is a database system used on the web.

 MySQL is a database system that runs on a server.

 MySQL is ideal for both small and large applications.

 MySQL is very fast, reliable, and easy to use.

 MySQL uses standard SQL.

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
• The data in a MySQL database are stored in tables.
• A table is a collection of related data, and it consists of columns and
rows.
• Databases are useful for storing information categorically.
• A company may have a database with the following tables:
• Employees
• Products
• Customers
• Orders

 PHP + MySQL Database System

o PHP combined with MySQL are cross-platform (you can develop
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in Windows and serve on a Unix platform)
 Database Queries
• A query is a question or a request.
• We can query a database for specific information and have a recordset
returned.
• Look at the following query (using standard SQL):

• The query above selects all the data in the "LastName" column from
the "Employees" table.

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 PHP Connect to MySQL
Open a Connection to MySQL
 Before we can access data in the MySQL database, we need to be able
to connect to the server:
• Example (MySQLi Object-Oriented)
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
echo "Connected successfully";
?> 4
• Example (MySQLi Procedural)
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
// Create connection
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password);
// Check connection
if (!$conn) {
die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
}
echo "Connected successfully";
?>

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 Close the Connection
• The connection will be closed automatically when the script ends.
• To close the connection before, use the following:
 MySQLi Object-Oriented:
 $conn->close();
 MySQLi Procedural:
 mysqli_close($conn);

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 PHP Create a MySQL Database
• A database consists of one or more tables.
• You will need special CREATE privileges to create or to delete a
MySQL database.
• The CREATE DATABASE statement is used to create a database in
MySQL.
o Note: When you create a new database, you must only specify the
first three arguments to the mysqli object (servername, username and
password).
• The following examples create a database named "myDB":
• Example (MySQLi Object-oriented)
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<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
// Create database
$sql = "CREATE DATABASE myDB";
if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {
echo "Database created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error creating database: " . $conn->error;
}
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$conn->close(); ?>
Example (MySQLi Procedural)
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
// Create connection
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password);
// Check connection
if (!$conn) {
die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
}
// Create database
$sql = "CREATE DATABASE myDB";
if (mysqli_query($conn, $sql)) {
echo "Database created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error creating database: " . mysqli_error($conn);
}
mysqli_close($conn); ?> 9
 PHP MySQL Create Table
• A database table has its own unique name and consists of columns and
rows.
• The CREATE TABLE statement is used to create a table in MySQL.
• We will create a table named "MyGuests", with five columns: "id",
"firstname", "lastname", "email" and "reg_date":
CREATE TABLE MyGuests (
id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
lastname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(50),
reg_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON
UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
)
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Example (MySQLi Object-oriented)
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";
// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password,
$dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

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// sql to create table
$sql = "CREATE TABLE MyGuests (
id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
lastname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(50),
reg_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
)";
if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {
echo "Table MyGuests created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error creating table: " . $conn->error;
}
$conn->close();
?>
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 PHP MySQL Insert Data
• After a database and a table have been created, we can start adding
data in them.
• Here are some syntax rules to follow:
 The SQL query must be quoted in PHP
 String values inside the SQL query must be quoted
 Numeric values must not be quoted
 The word NULL must not be quoted
 The INSERT INTO statement is used to add new records to a MySQL
table:
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3,...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,...) 13
 Insert Data From a Form Into a Database
• Now we will create an HTML form that can be used to add new
records to the "Person" table.

<html>
<body>
<form action="insert.php" method="post">
Firstname: <input type="text" name="firstname" />
Lastname: <input type="text" name="lastname" />
Age: <input type="text" name="age" /><input type="submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html 14
• When a user clicks the submit button in the HTML form in the
example above, the form data is sent to "insert.php".
• The "insert.php" file connects to a database, and retrieves the values
from the form with the PHP $_POST variables.
• Then, the mysql_query() function executes the INSERT INTO
statement, and a new record will be added to the database table.

 Below is the code in the "insert.php" page:

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<?php
$con = mysql_connect("localhost",“root","abc123");
if (!$con)
{
die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
mysql_select_db("my_db", $con);
$sql="INSERT INTO person (FirstName, LastName, Age)
VALUES
('$_POST[firstname]','$_POST[lastname]','$_POST[age]')";
if (!mysql_query($sql,$con))
{
die('Error: ' . mysql_error());
}
echo "1 record added";
mysql_close($con)
?>
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 PHP MySQL Select
• The SELECT statement is used to select data from a database.
 Select Data From a Database Table
Syntax
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name

 Note: SQL statements are not case sensitive. SELECT is the same as
select.
• To get PHP to execute the statement above we must use the
mysql_query() function.
• This function is used to send a query or command to a MySQL
connection. 17
 Reading Assignment
 Retrieve data from a database.
 Modify/updating existing data.
 Remove existing data.
 Database security using server side scripting.
 Encryption in PHP.
 SQL injection.

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