Node 24 Support

[AbhiPrasad]

Description

Node 24 was released May 6.

We need to update our CI to test for it, and check what features we can support.

Changelog: https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/main/doc/changelogs/CHANGELOG_V23.md

• process: add threadCpuUsage process: add threadCpuUsage nodejs/node#56467
• URL pattern API support: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL_Pattern_API / src: implement whatwg's URLPattern spec nodejs/node#56452
• Threads created by the Node.js process are now named to improve the debugging experience. Worker threads will use the name option that can be passed to the Worker constructor. src,lib: use uv_thread_setname to a better multi-thread debugging nodejs/node#56416
• --experimental-strip-types support: https://nodejs.org/api/typescript.html#type-stripping / module: unflag --experimental-strip-types nodejs/node#56350
• Enabling require(esm) by default for Node.js applications

[AbhiPrasad]

ABI is 137: https://github.com/electron/node-abi/blob/f68e336d5afa2e436c770f8ff10a37eae0a6bca3/abi_registry.json#L111-L120

[github-actions]

A PR closing this issue has just been released 🚀

This issue was referenced by PR #16236, which was included in the 9.18.0 release.