Parse, index and get random access to FASTA files with no extra dependencies.

tinyFA provides a (relatively) fast and highly minimalist header-only library for reading FASTA files, especially in the case that you'd like random access via their FAI indices. It requires only a modern (GCC4.8 or newer) C++ compiler.

Make sure both headers are in a path accessible to your code. You can either copy them to your include directory, or pass the directory to your compiler with -I/path/to/tinyFA.

Then just include both headers in your C++ code and use the TFA namespace:

    #include "tinyFA/tinyfa.hpp"  
    #include "tinyFA/pliib.hpp"

    using namespace TFA;

#include "tinyfa.hpp"
#include "pliib.hpp"


int main (int argc, char** argv){
    // usage: ./getseq <fastaFile> <seqName> <start> <end>
    // Parse a FASTA file and extract a subsequence.
    // If a FASTA index exists, use it, otherwise,
    // build one.
   
    // The tinyFA faidx struct
    tiny_faidx_t tf;
   
   // Check if an index exists, and create one if not.
    if (!checkFAIndexFileExists(argv[1])){
        createFAIndex(argv[1], tf);
    }
    else{
        // Parses an FAI file when passed a FASTA file name.
        parseFAIndex(argv[1], tf);
    }

    char* contigName = argv[2];
    int start = atoi(argv[3]);
    int end = atoi(argv[4]);
    char* seq;
    
    // Not passing start/end will return the whole contig.
    getSequence(tf, contigName, seq, start, end);
    cout << seq << endl;

    // seq gets allocated in getSequence, so you'll want to delete that.
    delete [] seq;

    return 0;
}

tinyFA takes a lot of code and inspiration from the excellent fastahack. Fastahack has been extensively used and we recommend it for production environments. It differs from fastahack in that:

1. There's no default library setup for Fastahack. This could easily be remedied with some small makefile tweaks.
2. tinyFA mostly uses structs and primitive types (rather than STL containers).

There's also htslib, but if you want to parse a FASTA file you have to build utilities for SAM/BAM/CRAM/VCF, it requires zlib, lzma, and lz4 (which are often not up to date / installed by default).

However, htslib can parse files compressed with BGZF; this may be an important addition when dealing with large files.

SeqLib and SeqAn are both excellent tools that add to htslib, with the same cons and many extra pros.