1. Usages of Git Log
2. Git Tags
3. Git Stash
4. Difference Between Fetch and Pull
5. Using Multiple Git Accounts on One Linux System
6. Git Cherry-Pick
7. Deleting a Commit
8. Git Reset — Mixed
9. Git Merge — Abort

git log is a command used to review the history of commits in a repository. It displays the commit ID, author, date, and commit message. You can customize its output using various options, like --oneline, --graph, etc., to view the commit history in different formats.

# Basic Log:
git log

# Oneline Log:
git log --oneline

# Graph Log:
git log --graph --oneline

Git tags are references that point to specific points in Git history. They are often used to mark release points (v1.0, v2.0, etc.). There are two types of tags: lightweight and annotated. Annotated tags are recommended for most use cases as they include the tagger name, email, date, and have a tagging message.

• Creating an Annotated Tag:

git tag -a v1.0 -m "Release version 1.0"

• Viewing Tags:

git tag

git checkout tags/v1.0

git stash -u temporarily stashes changes, including untracked files. It's useful for saving your work-in-progress changes without committing them. git stash pop applies the stashed changes back to your working directory and removes them from the stash list.

Stash Changes Including Untracked:

git stash -u

git stash pop

git fetch downloads commits, files, and refs from a remote repository into your local repo, updating your remote-tracking branches. git pull, on the other hand, not only fetches but also merges the fetched changes into your current branch.

• Fetch:

git fetch origin

• Pull:

git pull origin main

To use multiple Git accounts on one system, configure user-specific details (user.name and user.email) at the repository level. This allows each repo to have its own unique configuration, separate from the global Git configuration.

Set Local Repository Username:

git config user.name "Your Username"
git config user.email "[email protected]"

git config --list

git cherry-pick is used to apply the changes introduced by some existing commits to the current branch. It's a way to pick and choose individual commits from another branch without merging the whole branch.

• Git Cherry-Pick Commands

git cherry-pick <commit-hash>

To delete a commit, you can use git reset to move the HEAD to a previous commit and discard changes, or git revert to create a new commit that undoes the changes of a specified commit.

Reset to Previous Commit (Soft):

git reset --soft HEAD~1

git revert <commit-hash>
Git Reset — Mixed Commands

git reset --mixed is the default mode for git reset. It resets the index but not the working tree and changes what is to be committed.

git reset --mixed <commit-hash>
Git Merge — Abort Commands

If a merge results in conflicts, and you decide not to proceed with the merge, you can use git merge --abort to abort the merge action and return the branch to its pre-merge state.

git merge --abort