While the postgres-operator-1.2.0.tgz only contains the plain Helm template files and other scaffolding, when looking into the tar.gz. file for the Helm chart version 1.3.0 you can find postgres-operator-1.2.0.tgz inside there.
With postgres-operator-1.4.0.tgz the two previous versions are in there:
postgres-operator-1.2.0.tgz
postgres-operator-1.3.0.tgz
I suppose your tar cfz simply lacks an exclude for the existing *.tar.gz files :-)