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Learn Model Context Protocol with TypeScript
Learn Model Context Protocol with TypeScript

Learn Model Context Protocol with TypeScript: Build agentic systems in TypeScript with the new standard for AI capabilities

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Profile Icon Christoffer Noring
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S$34.29 S$48.99
eBook Nov 2025 320 pages 1st Edition
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S$34.29 S$48.99
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Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Christoffer Noring
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S$34.29 S$48.99
eBook Nov 2025 320 pages 1st Edition
eBook
S$34.29 S$48.99
Paperback
S$42.69 S$60.99
Subscription
Free Trial
eBook
S$34.29 S$48.99
Paperback
S$42.69 S$60.99
Subscription
Free Trial

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Learn Model Context Protocol with TypeScript

Explaining the Model Context Protocol

The MCP consists of many parts. In short, JavaScript Object Notation-Remote Procedure Call (JSON-RPC) messages are exchanged between the client and the server. A JSON-RPC message is a message following the JSON-RPC specification, which means it has the jsonrpc, id, method, and params fields, and the data type is JSON. An example could look like so:

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "method": "doSomething",
  "params": {
    "foo": "bar"
  }
}

To make it easier to understand, and more interesting, this chapter attempts to explain the protocol by taking you through an implementation of it. For that reason, we hope this chapter is an easier read (not just architecture diagrams) and a glimpse into how things work. If you’re keen on getting started with building MCP servers, then jump straight to Chapter 3, but if you want to understand the MCP protocol...

Learning about the protocol by implementing it

Instead of making this a dry chapter about a protocol and its different messages, let’s make it enjoyable by actually talking about the processes and messages while implementing them. As part of explaining the process and its flows, you will be shown both the flows as diagrams and also implemented as code. Let’s begin.

Transports in MCP

The idea with transports in MCP is that they define how clients and servers communicate. MCP is transport agnostic, meaning it can work over HTTP, WebSockets, STDIO, and more. The transport is the layer that handles the underlying message exchange. It exchanges messages of type JSON-RPC.

MCP has a set of transports it supports from STDIO (for servers running locally) to streamable transports such as WebSockets and Server-Sent-Events (SSEs), and finally request/response transports such as HTTP.

Each transport uses the same type of interface, looking like so:

interface Transport {
  // Start processing messages
  start(): Promise<void>;
  // Send a JSON-RPC message
  send(message: JSONRPCMessage): Promise<void>;
  // Close the connection
  close(): Promise<void>;
  // Callbacks
  onclose?: () => void;
  onerror?: (error: Error) => void;
  onmessage?: (message: JSONRPCMessage) => void;
}

The idea with such an interface is...

Summary

In this chapter, we covered quite a bit of information. The most important takeaway is that client and server communication needs to be initialized before further action can take place. Fortunately, most SDKs take care of the initialization part, and you can usually start the client-server communication by calling and listing tools and more. Hopefully, this was a good read for both those who find diagrams clarifying and those who like to see how code looks. The code works, but could surely be improved for performance, maintainability, and more. Do give the code a try – check the solutions folder.

In the next chapter, we will learn how to build and test our first server. The chapter will serve as a good introduction to getting hands-on with MCP.

Assignment

Try running the code provided in https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Learn-Model-Context-Protocol-with-TypeScript/blob/main/Chapter02/solutions/README.md to see how things work. The code should do the following:

  • Initialize a connection
  • Send an initialized notification
  • List tools
  • Call a tool and produce notifications
  • Produce sample messages

The code is built up in steps, so it’s worth going through all the subfolders for your chosen runtime.

Quiz

What needs to happen before a handshake between a server and a client can be considered complete?

  • A: The client needs to first send initialize, wait for the server response, and then send initialized.
  • B: The client and server can call, for example, list tools right away.
  • C: The client needs to send initialized to the server.

You can access the solution at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Learn-Model-Context-Protocol-with-TypeScript/blob/main/Chapter02/solutions/solution-quiz.md.

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Key benefits

  • The only resource you'll need to build, test, and deploy MCP servers and clients
  • Take a modern approach toward building, testing, and securing distributed agentic AI apps
  • Get clear, professional guidance on developing for both LLM and non-LLM clients
  • Purchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free PDF eBook

Description

Learn Model Context Protocol with TypeScript introduces developers, architects, and AI practitioners to the transformative capabilities of Model Context Protocol (MCP), an emerging protocol designed to standardize, distribute, and scale AI-driven applications. Through the lens of a practical project, the book tackles the modern challenges of resource management, client-server interaction, and deployment at scale. Drawing from Christoffer's expertise as a published author and tutor at the University of Oxford, you’ll explore the components of MCP and how they streamline server and client development. After that, you’ll progress from building robust backends and integrating LLMs into intelligent clients to interacting with servers via tools such as Claude for desktop and Visual Studio Code agents. The chapters help you understand the capabilities of hosts, clients, and servers, facilitating better interoperability, easier integration, and clearer communication between different components. The book also covers security best practices and building for the cloud, ensuring that you're ready to deploy your MCP-based apps. Each chapter enables you to develop hands-on skills for building and operating MCP-based agentic apps. *Email sign-up and proof of purchase required

Who is this book for?

This book is ideal for web developers, software architects, AI practitioners, and tech leads looking to build scalable AI-integrated applications using MCP. Product managers overseeing AI initiatives will also find this book valuable. A basic understanding of web development and AI concepts is needed to make the most of this book.

What you will learn

  • Understand the MCP protocol and its core components
  • Build MCP servers that expose tools and resources to a variety of clients
  • Test and debug servers using the interactive inspector tools
  • Consume servers using Claude for desktop and Visual Studio Code agents
  • Secure MCP apps, as well as managing and mitigating common threats
  • Build and deploy MCP apps using cloud-based strategies

Product Details

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Publication date : Nov 27, 2025
Length: 320 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781806661381
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Product Details

Publication date : Nov 27, 2025
Length: 320 pages
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Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781806661381
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Table of Contents

15 Chapters
Introducing the Model Context Protocol Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Explaining the Model Context Protocol Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building and Testing Servers Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building SSE Servers Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Creating MCP Servers for Web Consumption with Streamable HTTP Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Maintaining Clean Architecture with an Advanced Server Approach Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Consuming Servers by Building Bespoke Clients/Agents Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Consuming Servers Using an IDE Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Delegating Tasks with Sampling Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Improving Interactive Workflows with Elicitation Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Securing Your Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Bringing MCP Apps to Production Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Unlock Your Exclusive Benefits Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
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