Factory
We’ll begin our journey from one of the most common design patterns in Node.js: Factory. As you will see, the Factory pattern is very versatile and serves more than one purpose. Its main advantage is its ability to decouple the creation of an object from a specific implementation. This allows us, for example, to create an object whose class or shape is determined at runtime.
A factory also lets us expose a much smaller surface area than a class. While a class can be extended, instantiated directly, or even monkey-patched, a factory—being just a function—offers fewer ways for consumers to misuse or interfere with the internals of the implementation. This makes the resulting API less error-prone and easier to maintain.
Finally, factories can also help enforce encapsulation by leveraging closures, keeping internal details truly private and hidden from the outside world.
Decoupling object creation and implementation
We already stressed the...
