ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We would like to take a moment to thank the Almighty Allah for his guidance,
protection and sustenance throughout this project work. We would also like to thank
the following people, Under the supervision of the martyr Dr. Abdullah Ali Suleiman
who was treacherously murdered inside the college campus we ask God to forgive
and have mercy on him and make his resting place in Paradise for giving us constant
guidance and useful advice throughout the semester, our Head of Department, Mr.
Abdullah Milad, We would like to thank also Eng. Idris and Dr. Issa Al-Dabib for
helping us complete the rest of the project. We would like to thank everyone who has
supported us throughout the study period. and the entire faculty members of the Oil
and Gas Instrumentation department for their assistance throughout the literature
review.
ABSTRACT
‫الملخص‬
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgment………………………………………………………………............

Abstract………………………………………………………………………………....

Abstract(Arabic)………………………………………………………………………..

Table of content………………………………………………………………………...

List Of Figures And Pictures………………………………………………………..…

List of Abbreviation ……………………………………………………………….…...

CHAPTER ONE …………………………………………………………………

INTRODUCTION TO DC/AC POWER INVERTER

1.1 DEFINITION OF INVERTER

1.2 Types of Inverter

1.2.1 According to Output Waveform

1.2.1.1 Square Wave Inverter

1.2.1.2 Sine Wave Inverter
1.2.1.3 Modified Sine Wave Inverter

1.2.2 According to Source of Input

o Current Source Inverter (CSI)

o Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)

1.2.3 According to Type of Supply

o Single-phase Inverters
o Three-phase Inverters
1.3 Applications
1.3.1 An uninterrupted power supply (UPS)
1.3.2 Speed Control of Electric Motor
1.3.3 Compressor of refrigerator and air-conditioner:
1.3.4 Solar
1.3.5 HVDC transmission line

1.4 Advantage

1.5 Background

CHAPTER TWO…………………………………………………………………….

POWER CONVERSION SYSTEMS

2.1 Power Electronic Converters

2.1.1 AC to DC Converters or Rectifiers

2.1.1.1 Uncontrolled Diode Rectifiers

2.1.1.1.1 Single phase half-wave rectifier

2.1.1.1.2 Center Tapped Full Wave Rectifier

2.1.1.1.3 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

2.1.2 DC to DC Converters

2.1.2.1 Step-down Chopper or Buck converter

2.1.2.2 Step-up Chopper or Boost converter

2.1.3 DC to AC Converters or Inverters

2.2 Block Diagram Inverter And Full Description Of Inverter

2.2.1 PWM Inverter

2.2.1.1 Sine wave

2.2.1.2 Modified Sine wave or Quasi Sine wave
2.2.1.3 Square wave
 2.2.1.4 Advantage of Pulse Width Modulation
2.2.1.5 How it Works?
2.2.2 Driving a MOSFET

2.2.2.1 Gate drive vs. base drive

2.2.2.2 MOSFET characteristics

2.2.3 Output circuit

2.2.3.1 Transform
2.2.4 Battery

2.2.5 Battery Charge

CHAPTER THREE…………………………………………………………
SYSTEM DRIVER

3.1 MOSFET Control Circuit

3.2 Multivibrator
3.2.1 A stable multivibrator circuit

3.2.1.1 Basic mode of operation

3.2.2 Multivibrator frequency

3.2.3 Initial power-up

3.2.4 Period of oscillation

3.2.5 CD4047 Features

3.2.6 How to use CD4047?

3.2.7 Astable Mode of Operation

3.2.8 Square wave generator using CD4047

3.2.9 Determination Of The Oscillating Frequency in Power inverter Design

3.2.10 CD4047 Applications

3.2.11 CD4047 Pin out Diagram

 CHAPTER FOUR………………………………………………………………22-25

MOSFET Circuit

4.1 MOSFET Principals

4.2 What is a MOSFET?

4.3 Symbol Of MOSFET

4.4 MOSFET as a Switch

4.5 Classification of MOSFET

4.6 Operation of MOSFET in Depletion Mode

4.6.1 VI characteristics:

4.7 Operation of MOSFET in Enhancement Mode

4.7.1 VI Characteristics:
4.8 Implemented of MOSFET sector

  CHAPTER FIVE…………………………………………………………………

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 What is a transformer?

5.2 Transformer – Working Principle

5.3 Transformer Construction

5.4 Center-tap transformer

5.5 Design Parameters of Transformer

5.6 Calculations for Transformer Design

 5.6.1 Core Calculations

5.6.2 Primary Winding Calculations

5.6.2.1 Primary Current Calculation

5.6.2.2 Number of Turns

5.6.3 Secondary Winding Calculations

5.6.3.1 Secondary Current Calculation

5.6.3.2 Secondary Number of Turns

5.7 Charging Section:-

5.7.1 Charger Circuit Diagram

5.7.2 Components required
5.7.3 Calibration of the circuit
5.7.4 Description

  CHAPTER SIX…………………………………………………………………

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

6.1Conclusions

6.2 Recommendations

REFERENCE…………………………………………………………………
 LIST OF FIGURES AND PICTURES

Figure 2.1: The block diagram of a power electronic converter

Figure 2.2: The block diagram of an AC to DC converter

Figure 2.3: Circuit diagram of half wave transformer

Figure 2.4: Circuit diagram of the center tapped full wave rectifier

Figure 2.5: Circuit diagram of the Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

Figure 2.6: Characteristics of Bridge Full Wave Rectifier

Figure 2.7: The block diagram of a DC chopper

Figure 2.8: Circuit diagram of Step-down Chopper or Buck converter

Figure 2.9: Circuit diagram of Step-up Chopper or Boost converter

Figure 2.10: The block diagram of DC to AC Converters or Inverters

Figure 2.11: The block diagram of Full Inverters

Figure 2.12: Sin Wave

Figure 2.13: Modified Wave

Figure 2.14: Square Wave

Figure 2.15: Gate Drive vs. Base Drive

Figure 2.16: Circuit diagram of the Full Inverter

Figure 3.1: Circuit diagram of Basic BJT a stable multivibrator

Figure 3.2: Circuit Diagram of Astable Mode

Figure 3.3: Circuit Diagram of Astable Mode Using CD4047

Figure 3.4: Output Waveform of Astable Mode Using CD4047

Picture 3.1: Output Waveform of Astable Mode Using CD4047

Figure 3.5: Pin Configuration Description

Figure 4.1: MOSFET- Symbol, Construction, and Working

Figure 4.2: Symbol Of N-Channel & P-Cannel MOSFE

Picture 4.3: The Package of IRFP064N MOSFET

Figure 4.4: Circuit Diagram of The MOSFET Operating as a Switching Device

Figure 4.5: Symbol of Enhancement & Depletion Mode of N-Cannel MOSFE

Figure 4.6: Symbol of Enhancement & Depletion Mode of P-Cannel MOSFE

Figure 4.7: The V-I Characteristics of The Depletion-Mode MOSFET

 Figure 4.8: The V-I Characteristics of The Enhancement -Mode MOSFET

Figure 4.9: Circuit Diagram of The MOSFET Matrix

Figure 5.1: The Working Principle of The Transformer

Figure 5.2: The Center-Tap Transformer

Figure 5.3: The Battery Charger And Monitor

 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

VSI Voltage Source Inverter

CSI Current Source Inverter
UPS Uninterrupted Power Supply
VFD Variable Frequency Drive
AC Alternating Current
PVC Photo – Voltaic Cells
DC Direct Current
HVDC High Voltage Direct Current
SCR Semiconductor Controlled Rectifier
TRIAC
IGBT Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor
SMPS Switch Mode Power Supplies
PWM Pulse Width Modulation
MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect
IGFET Insulated Gate Field Effect Transistor
BJT Bipolar Junction Transistor
FET Field-Effect Transistor
G Gate
D Drain
S Source
E-MOSFET  Enhancement Mode MOSFET 
D-MOSFET Depletion Mode MOSFET 
VDS Drain Source Voltage
VGS Gate Source Voltage
ID Continuous Drain Current
V Voltage
NC Normally Closed
LED Light-Emitting Diode