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Generations of Programming Language

This document discusses the five generations of programming languages: 1) First generation languages are machine languages that use binary code and are difficult for humans. 2) Second generation languages use assembly language that is more readable but architecture dependent. 3) Third generation languages are high-level languages that are easier for humans and use compilers. 4) Fourth generation languages are non-procedural and enable database access. 5) Fifth generation languages are based on artificial intelligence concepts like parallel processing and aim to make computers solve problems autonomously.

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Mark Jerome Albano
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202 views

Generations of Programming Language

This document discusses the five generations of programming languages: 1) First generation languages are machine languages that use binary code and are difficult for humans. 2) Second generation languages use assembly language that is more readable but architecture dependent. 3) Third generation languages are high-level languages that are easier for humans and use compilers. 4) Fourth generation languages are non-procedural and enable database access. 5) Fifth generation languages are based on artificial intelligence concepts like parallel processing and aim to make computers solve problems autonomously.

Uploaded by

Mark Jerome Albano
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENERATIONS OF

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

Presented by:

Joshua Erdy A. Tan, LPT, MBDBI


Course Instructor
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
I. First Generation Programming Language (1GL)
II. Second Generation Programming Language (2GL)
III. Third Generation Programming Language (3GL)
IV. Fourth Generation Programming Language (4GL
V. Fifth Generation Programming Language (5GL)
FIRST GENERATION PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE (1GL)
 The first generation languages are also called machine
languages/1G language. This language is machine
dependent. The machine language statements are
written in binary code (0/1 form) because the computer
can understand only binary language.

Advantage:
 Translation free and directly executed by the
computer
Disadvantage:
 Difficult to learn and understand
1GL EXAMPLE
SECOND GENERATION PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE (2GL)
 The second generation languages are also called
assembler languages/ 2G language.
 Assembly language contains human readable
notations that can be further converted to machine
language using an assembler.

Advantage:
 Easier to understand compared with 1GL

Disadvantage:
 Language is architecture dependent
2GL EXAMPLE
THIRD GENERATION PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE (3GL)
 The third generation programming languages were
designed to overcome the various limitations of the
first and second generation programming languages.
 The languages of the third and later generation are
considered as a high-level language because they
enable the programmer to concentrate only on the
logic of the programs without considering the internal
architecture of the computer system.
Advantage:
 Can be developed in very less time than 1GL and 2GL.

Disadvantage:
 Compiler/interpreter is needed.
3GL EXAMPLE
C source code

#include <stdio.h>
int main( ) {
printf(“Hello Vincentians!”);
return 0;
}
FOURTH GENERATION PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE (4GL)
 The fourth generation language is also called a non –
procedural language/4GL. It enables user to access the
database.

Advantage:
 Less time required for application creation.

Disadvantage:
 Memory consumption is high.
4GL EXAMPLE
SQL source code

SELECT * FROM CustName WHERE Gender =


male;
FIFTH GENERATION PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE (5GL)
 The fifth generation languages are also called as 5GL. It is
based on the concept of artificial intelligence. It uses the
concept that that rather than solving a problem
algorithmically, an application can be build to solve it
based on some constraints, i.e., we make computers learn to
solve any problem.
 Parallel Processing & superconductors are used for this
type of language to make real artificial intelligence.
Advantage:
 Machines can make decisions.
Disadvantage:
 Complex and long code
 More resources required and are expensive
5GL EXAMPLE
Prolog source code
REFERENCES
 https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/generation-
programming-languages/
 https://www.includehelp.com/basics/generations-
of-programming-language.aspx

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