Solution

LIMITS

JEE main - Mathematics

Section A

1. (b) e2

Explanation: Let y = [ f(1+x)

f(1) ] 1/x
⇒
1
logy = x [logf(1 + x) − logf(1)]

⇒
x→0
lim logy = lim
x→0
[ 1
f(1+x)
⋅
]
f ′(1 + x) [using L' Hospital's rule]

f(1) 6
= f(1)
= 3

⇒
( )
log lim y = 2
x→0
⇒ lim y = e 2
x→0
2

Y
2. (c) − 7
2 x−3 2 ( 2x + 1 )
Explanation: f(x) + g(x) + f(x) = + −
x−3 x+4 x 2 + x − 12

OP
x 2 − 8x + 15
=
x 2 + x − 12
(x−3) (x−5)
= (x−3) (x+4)
(x−3) (x−5)
TC
lim [f(x) + g(x) + h(x)] = lim (x−3) (x+4)
x→3 x→3
x−5
= lim x+4
x→3
2
=−7
NO

1
3. (c) e−1

Explanation: We have, a m =
[ ( ) ( )] m+1 m+1
m
−
m+1
m
−m
DO

[( ) ] ( ) [( ) ]
m+1 m+1 m+1 −1 m+1 −1 1 m −1
∴ ( ) am 1/m = m
− m
= m
1+ m
−1

( ) [( ) ] 1 −1 1 m −1 1
∴
m→∞
(
lim am )1/m = lim
m→∞
1+ m
1+ m
−1 = 1 ⋅ (e − 1) − 1 = e−1

1
4. (c)
2
n r
Explanation: Sn = ∑ 1 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 … ( 2r + 1 )
r=1
1 n 2r
= 2
∑ 1 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 ⋅ … ⋅ ( 2r + 1 )
r=1
1 n 2r + 1 − 1
= 2
∑ 1 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 ⋅ … ⋅ ( 2r + 1 )
r=1

=
1 n
2
∑
r=1
[ 1
1 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 … ( 2r − 1 )
−
1
1 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 … ( 2r + 1 ) ]
=
1
2 [( 1−
1
1⋅3 )( + 1⋅3
1
−
1
1⋅3⋅5 ) +... +
1
1 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 … ( 2n − 1 )
−
1
1 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 … ( 2n + 1 ) ]
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FIITJEE THE GREAT
 =
1
2 [1−
1
1 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 … ( 2n + 1 ) ]
n 2r + 1 n ( r + 1 )2 − r2
S'n = ∑ 2 2 =∑ 2 2
r=1 r (r+1) r=1 r (r+1)

=∑
n

r=1 [ 1
r2
−
1
( r + 1 )2

1
] =1−
1
( n + 1 )2

L1 = lim S n = 2
, L2 = lim S'n = 1
n→∞ n→∞
1
L1 2 1
⇒
L2
= 1
= 2

5. (d) does not exist

| x − 5x + 6 |
2

Explanation: L.H.L. = lim

(x−2) (x−3)
x→2−

( x − 5x + 6 )
2

= lim =1

Y
(x−2) (x−3)
x→2−

| x − 5x + 6 |
2

OP
R.H.L. = lim (x−2) (x−3)
x→2+

(
− x 2 − 5x + 6 )
= lim (x−2) (x−3)
= -1
x→2+
TC
L.H.L. ≠ R.H.L. ⇒ Limit does not exist
6. (d) 3
n(n+1)
Explanation: an = 2
(n+2) (n−1)
NO

⇒ an - 1 =
2

( )( )
an n n+1
⇒
an − 1
= n−1 n+2

Ln = ( 2
1
⋅
)( 3
2
⋅
4
3
⋅
5
4
…n−1
n 3
4
⋅
4
5
⋅
5
6
n+1
…n+2 )
DO

⇔ Ln = ( )( ) n
1 n+2
3

⇒ lim Ln = 3
n→∞
1
7. (c) − 2 and -1
Explanation: Plan: To make the quadratic into simple form we should eliminate radical sign.
Description of Situation: As for given equation,
when a → 0 the equation reduces to identity in x.
i.e. ax2 + bx + c = 0,∀ x ∈ R or a = b = c → 0
Thus, first we should make above equation independent from coefficients as 0.
Let a + 1 = t6. Thus, when a → 0, t → 1.
∴ (t2 - 1)x2 + (t3 - 1)x + (t - 1) = 0
⇒ (t - 1){(t + 1)x2 + (t2 + t + 1) x + 1} = 0,
as t → 1; 2X2 + 3x + 1 = 0
⇒ 2X2 + 2x + x + 1 = 0
⇒ (2x + 1 ) (x + 1) = 0

Thus, x = -1, -1/2

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FIITJEE THE GREAT
 or lim α(a) = − 1 / 2
x→0+
and lim β(a) = − 1
a→0+

8. (a) 12
8x 3 − x 2log x + log x − 8
Explanation: lim
x→1 x2 − 1

( 8x − 8 ) − ( x − 1 ) log x
3 2

= lim
x→1 x2 − 1

( ) ( )
( )
8 ( x − 1 ) x 2 + x + 1 − x 2 − 1 log x
= lim 2
x→1 x −1

[ ( )
( x − 1 ) 8 x 2 + x + 1 − ( x + 1 ) log x ]
= lim (x−1) (x+1)
x→1
[ 8 ( 1 + 1 + 1 ) − ( 1 + 1 ) log 1 ]
= 1+1
24 − 0
= = 12

Y
2
1
9. (a) e

OP
1
Explanation: Let L = lim (x) 1 − x
x→1
Taking log on both sides,
1 0
log L = lim log x ...[ 0 form]
TC
1−x
x→1
Applying L' Hopital’s rule,
1
x
log L = lim −1
= -1
x→1
NO

⇒ L = e-1
10. (d) 0

Explanation: lim
x→0 [ ] 1+
f(x)
x2
=3 ⇒
x→0
lim
f(x)
x2
=2
DO

So, f(x) contain terms in x2, x3 and x4.

Let f(x) = a1x2 + a2x3 + a3x4
f(x)
Since lim 2 ⇒ a1 = 2
x→0 x2

Hence, f(x) = 2x2 + a2x3 + a3x4

f ′(x) = 4x + 3a2x2 + 4a3x3

As given: f ′(1) = 0 adn f ′(2) = 0
Hence, 4 + 3a2 + 4a2 = 0 ...(i)
and 8 + 12a2 + 32a3 = 0 ...(ii)
By 4x (i) - (ii), we get,
16 + 12a2 + 16a3 - (8 + 12a2 + 32a3) = 0
1
⇒ 8 - 16a3 = 0 ⇒ a3 = 2
4
and by eqn. (i), 4 + 3a2 + 2
=0 ⇒ a2 = -2
1
⇒ f(x) = 2x2 - 2x3 + 2 x4
1
f(2) = 2 × 4 - 2 × 8 + 2
× 16 = 0

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FIITJEE THE GREAT
 1
11. (b)
e2

( )
1
3x 2 + 2 1 3x 2 + 2
x2
Explanation: Let R = lim = e xlim
→0 x
2 ( 7x 2 + 2 − 1 )

x→0 7x 2 + 2

= e xlim
→0 x
2
1

{ } − 4x 2
7x 2 + 2 =e
−4
2 = e-2 =
1
e2

12. (d) 1
1
Explanation: Let f(x) = x x

⇒ f ′(x) = x x
1

( ) ln x − 1
x2

If x > e then f(x) is decreasing

∵ 2010 > 2009 ⇒ f(2010) < f(2009)
1 1
⇒ (2010) 2010 < (2009) 2009
⇒ (2010) 2009 < (2009) 2010
1

{( )}

Y
∵ lim
n→∞
(2009) 2010
n
) +( (2010) 2009
n n

{ ( )} OP
1

( 2010 ) 2009 n n
= lim (2009) 2010 1 + =1
n→∞ ( 2009 ) 2010
TC
13. (b) 0
( ) ( )
5 3x − 3 5x
Explanation: Let L = lim
x−1
x→1

(
15 3 x − 1 − 15 5 x − 1 ) ( )
NO

= lim
x−1
x→1

(
15 3 t − 5 ′ )
= lim ...[t = x - 1]
t
t→0

( 3t − 1 5t − 1
)
DO

= 15 lim t
− t
t→0
3
= 15 log 5
⇒ m = 15, p = 3, q = 5 ⇒ m - pq = 0

14. (b) e1/2

f ( 2x ) f(x)
Explanation: = (Given)
e 2x − 1 ex − 1

⇒
f(x)
=
f () () x
2

=
f
x
4

= …… =
f
() x
2n

ex − 1 x 2
e2 − 1
x
e2 −1 e 2n − 1

⇒
f(x)
= lim
f
() 2n
x

= lim
f(h)
= lim
f(h)
= lim
f(h) −f(0)
= f ′(0)
ex − 1 n→∞
n
e2 − 1 h→0 eh − 1 h→0
h
h→0
h

∴ f(x) = e x − 1

( )
1 1

( )
f(x) ex − 1 x ex − 1 − x 1
x
lim x
= lim x
= e xlim
→0 x2 = e2
x→0 x→0

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FIITJEE THE GREAT
15. (c) p = 2q
Explanation: Dividing by √x, we get
3
30 + 4√x + 7 √x
lim 3
x → ∞ 2 + √4x − 7 + √6x − 2
1 1
30x − 2 + 4 + 7x − 6
= lim

√
1 7 1
x → ∞ 2x − 2 + 4 − + ( 6x − 2 ) − 6
x

4
= 2
=2
⇒ p = 2, q = 1 ⇒ p = 2q
1
16. (c) a = 2, L = 64
Explanation: By rationalising, we get

( ) x2 2
a− 4 (
− a2 − x2 )
L = lim

( )
x→0 x2
x4 a − 4 + √a 2 − x 2

Y
− ax 2 x4
2 + 16 + x 2

OP
= lim

( )
x→0 x2
x4 a − 4 + √a 2 − x 2

( ) 1− 2
a x2
+ 16
TC
= lim

( )
x→0 x2
x2 a − 4 + √a 2 − x 2
a
For L to be finite, 2
=1 ⇔ a=2
NO

L = lim
x→0
( ) 2− 4 +
x2
16
1

√4 − x 2
DO

1
16 1
= 2+2
= 64

17. (d) 0
Explanation: lim f(x) = lim [x - 3] + lim |x - 4|
x→3− x→3− x→3−
= lim ([x] - 3) + lim (4 - x)
x→3− x→3−
= (2 - 3) + (4 - 3) ...[ lim [x] = a - 1]
x→a−
= -1 + 1 = 0
41
18. (d) 140
Explanation: Using x - 1 < [x] ≤ x, we have
n
5
−1< []
n
5
≤
n
5
, ...(i)

n
7
−1< []
n
7
≤
n
7
, ...(ii)

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FIITJEE THE GREAT
 n
20
−1< [] 20
n
≤ 20
n

⇒ −
n
20 []
≤ −
n
20
<1−
n
20
...(iii)

Adding (i), (ii) and (iii), we get

n n
5 + 7 − 20 − 2
n
[] [] [ ]
n
5 +
n
7 −
n
20
n
5
n
+ 7 − 20 + 1
n

< ≤
n n n
Taking limit n → ∞ and using Sandwich theorem,

[] [] [ ]
n
5 +
n
7 −
n
20
1 1 1
lim n
= 5
+ 7
− 20
n→∞
28 + 20 − 7 41
= 140
= 140
1
19. (a)
√1 + ln 2 2
ln t − ln 2
Explanation: tanα = lim

Y
t−2
t→∞
Using L'Hospital rule

OP
1/t
= lim 1
→0
t→∞
Hence, when the situation is limiting BP → BP' (along horizontal)
and AP → AQ
TC
π
⇒ θ→ 2
− β = cosθ
1
But tanβ = ln 2

lim cosθ = lim cos ( ) π

2
− β = sinβ =
1

√1 + ln 2 2
NO

t→∞ t→∞
Alternatively:
ln 2 t + ( t − 1 ) 2 + 1 + ln 2 2 − [ ( ln t − ln 2 ) + ( t − 2 ) ]
2 2

lim cosθ = lim

t→∞ t→∞ 2 ln 2 t + ( t − 1 ) 2 ⋅
√ √1 + ln 2 2
In 2t + t 2 − 2t + 1 + 1 + In 22 − In 2t − In 22
DO

1 + 2Int ⋅ In2 − t 2 − 4 + 4t
= lim
√1 + In 22 t → ∞ √
2 In 2t + ( t − 1 ) 2
1 2t − 2 + 2ln t ⋅ ln 2 1 t − 1 + ln t ⋅ ln 2
= 2
lim = 2
lim
√1 + ln √1 + ln
√( ) ( ) √( ) ( )
2t→∞ ln t 2 1 2 2t→∞ ln t 2 1 2
2t t + 1− t t t + 1− t

1 Int
1 1 − t + In2 ⋅ t 1
= lim =
√1 + In 22 t → ∞ √1 + In 22
√( ) ( )
Int 2 1 2
t + 1− t
⏟

0
⏟

20. (c) 2p = q
1 1
Explanation: Let L = lim (x + 2 ){log (x + 2 ) - log x}
x→∞
1 1
= lim (x + 2 ) log (1 + 2x
) ...[0 × ∞ form]
x→∞

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FIITJEE THE GREAT
 = lim
x→∞
( ) log

Applying L' Hopital's rule,

( )
1 + 2x

x+
1
1
2
1

0
...[ 0 form]

L = lim
x→∞
( ) 1+

1
− x ( 2x + 1 )
1

( )
1
2x

x+ 2
×−

1
1
2x 2

−2

Y
= lim 4
x→∞ −
( 2x + 1 ) 2
2x + 1 1

OP
= lim 4x
= 2
x→∞
⇒ p = 1, q = 2 ⇒ q = 2p
21. (d) 3
TC
x 8 − 2x + 1
Explanation: lim 4
x → 1 x − 2x + 1

(
( x − 1 ) x7 + x6 + x5 + x4 + x3 + x2 + x − 1 )
= lim
x→1 (
( x − 1 ) x3 + x2 + x − 1 )
NO

x7 + x6 + x5 + x4 + x3 + x2 + x − 1 6
= lim = =3
x→1 x3 + x2 + x − 1 2

22. (b) (log 5) (log 3)

15 x − 5 x − 3 x + 1
Explanation: lim
tan 2 x
DO

x→0

(5 − 1 ) (3 − 1 )
x x
x2
= lim ×
x→0 x2 tan 2 x

= lim
x→0 ( )(
5x − 1
x
3x − 1
x )( ) x
tan x
2

= (log 5) (log 3)
1
23. (c) 2
1 1 2 2
Explanation: < , < etc., on addition, lead to
n2 + 1 n2 n2 + 2 n2
n r 1+2+3+ … +n
∑ <
r=1 n2 + r n2
n r n(n+1)
⇔ ∑ < ...(i)
r=1 n2 + r 2n 2
1 1 2 2
Also, > , > etc.,
n2 + 1 n2 + n n2 + 2 n2 + n
on addition, lead to
n r 1+2+3+ … +n
∑ 2 >
r=1 n +r n2 + n

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FIITJEE THE GREAT
 n r n(n+1)
⇔ ∑ > ...(ii)
n2 + r
r=1 (
2 n2 + n )
1
Taking limit n → ∞ in (i), (ii) and using Sandwich theorem, lim u n = 2
n→∞
1
24. (b) - 6
1
( 27 + x ) 3 − 3
Explanation: Let L = lim 2
x → 0 9 − ( 27 + x ) 3
0
Here ‘L’ is in the indeterminate form i.e., 0
∴ using the L’ Hospital rule we get:
1 −2 1 −2

3 ( 27 + x ) 3
3 × ( 27 ) 3
1
L = lim 2 −1 = −2 −1 = − 6
x → 0 − ( 27 + x ) 3 × 27 3
3 3

e
25. (b) 2

1
1
x ( ) 1
x −1
1
x ( )( )
1
x −1
1
x −2

Y
Explanation: (1 + x) x = 1 + 1 + 2!
x2 + 3!
x3 +..., |x| < 1
1(1−x) 1 1
=1+1+ + (1 - x)(1 - 2x) + (1 - x)(1 - 2x)(1 - 3x) +...

OP
2! 3! 4!
1 1
e=1+1+ + + ...
2! 3!

x ( − 2x + ( 1 + 2 ) x )
2
( 1 + 2 + 3 ) x + terms of x 2 and terms of x 3
⇒ e - (1 + x)1/x = + + +...
TC
2! 3! 4!
1
e− (1+x)x 1 1+2 1+2+3
⇒ lim x
= 2!
+ 3!
+ 4!
+...
x→0

( )
∞ 1+2+3+ … +r ∞ r(r+1)
=∑ (r+1) !
=∑ 2(r+1) !
NO

r=1 r=1
1 ∞ 1 e
= 2
∑ (r−1) !
= 2
r=1
1
26. (c)
2

( )
DO

[x] + [x+1] + … + [x+n]

Explanation: lim
n→∞ n2

(n+1) [x] + (1+2+ … +n)

= lim
n→∞ n2

= lim
n→∞
1
[ (n+1) [x]
n 2 +
n(n+1)
2n 2 ]
= 2

27. (b) 0
Explanation: Let (x + 2)1/2 = y and (a + 2)1/2 = b
Then, x - a = (x + 2) - (a + 2) = y2 - b2
3 3
(x+2)2 − (a+2)2 y3 − b3
lim x−a
= lim 2 2
x→a y→b y −b

(
( y − b ) y 2 + yb + b 2 )
= lim (y−b) (y+b)
y→b
y 2 + yb + b 2
= lim
y+b
y→b

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FIITJEE THE GREAT
 3b 2 3b 3 1
= 2b
= 2
= 2
(a + 2) 2
⇒ m = 3, n = 2, p = 1, q = 2
⇒ (m + p) - (n + q) = 4 - 4 = 0
28. (b) 0
7n
Explanation: Let un = n!

⇔ un = ( 7
1
⋅
7
2
⋅ …⋅
7
6 ) ( ⋅
7
7
⋅
7
8
⋅
7
9
…n
7
) ...(i)

7 7 7 7
9
< 8
, 10
< 8
etc. lead to

un <
( 7 )6
720
⋅
() 7
8
n−8
...(ii)

Using Sandwich theorem and lim

n→∞
() 7
8
n−8
= 0,

We have, from (ii),

lim un = 0 ...[As un > 0]
n→∞

Y
29. (b) 256
(4(n+1) ) !

OP
Explanation: lim 4
n → ∞ ( n + 1 ) ( 4n ) !
( 4n + 4 ) ( 4n + 3 ) ( 4n + 2 ) ( 4n + 1 )
= lim
n→∞ ( n + 1 )4

( )( )( )( ) 1 3 2 1
TC
( 4n ) 4 1 + n 1 + 4n 1 + 4n 1 + 4n

= lim
n→∞
( ) n4 1 + n
1 4

44 ( 1 + 0 ) ( 1 + 0 ) ( 1 + 0 ) ( 1 + 0 )
= = 256
NO

( 1 + 0 )4
1
30. (d) 27
1
( 26 + x ) 3 − 3
Explanation: Let L = lim x−1
x→1
Put x - 1 = t x = 1 + t and as x → 1, t → 0
DO

⇒
1
( 27 + t ) 3 − 3
∴ L = lim t
t→0
1

( )
3 1 + 27
t 3
−3

= lim t
t→0

{ ( )
}
1 1
−1

( )
3 3
1 t t 2
3 1 + 3 ⋅ 27 + 1.2 27 + … −1

= lim t
t→0
1 1
=3× 3 × 27
= 27
1
31. (b) 128r
Explanation:

9 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
 In ΔABC, AB = AC
AD ⊥ BC
Let r = radius of circumcircle
OA = OB = OC = r
Now BD = √BO2 − OD2
⇒
√r2 − (h − r) 2
⇒
√2rh − h2
BC = 2√2rh − h 2
1
Area of ΔABC = × BC × AD

Y
2
⇒ Area = h 2rh − h 2 √

OP
A
h (√ 2rh − h 2 )
Also lim 3 = lim
h→0 p h→0
(√ 8 2rh − h 2 + √2rh ) 3

( √2r − h )
TC
h3 / 2
⇒ lim
h → 0 8h 3 / 2 ( √2r − h + √2r ) 3
√2r − h
⇒ lim
h→0 8 ( √2r − h + √2r ) 3
NO

√2r 1
⇒ = 128r
8 ( √2r + √2r ) 3

32. (b) p - q = 1
n k3 − 1
Explanation: Let un = ∏ 3
DO

k=2 k +1

= ∏
( )(n

k−2
k−1
k+1
n
∏ 2
k2 + k + 1

k=2 k −k+1 )
= ( 1
3

(1) (2)
⋅
2
4
⋅
3
5
⋅

n2 + n + 1
4
6
…
n−2
n
⋅
n−1
n+1 ) ⋅
( 7
3
⋅
13
7
⋅
21
13
...
n2 + n + 1
n2 − n + 1 )
= ⋅
n(n+1) 3
Required expression = lim u n
n→∞

= lim
n→∞
2
( n(n+1)
2
⋅
n2 + n + 1
3 )
= 3
⇒ p = 2, q = 3
⇒ pq = 6, p - q = -1, p + q = 5, 2q = 3p = 6

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FIITJEE THE GREAT
 1
33. (d) − 2

Explanation: lim

1+2+3+ … +n
n→∞ ( 1
1 − n2
+
2
1 − n2
+…+

n(n+1)
n
1 − n2 )
= lim = lim 2(1−n) (1+n)
n→∞ (1−n ) 2 n→∞
n 1
⇒ lim 2(1−n)
= − 2
n→∞
2
34. (c) − 3
( 1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + 5 − 6 + … ) − 2n
Explanation: lim x n = lim
n→∞ n→∞ √n 2 + 1 + √4n 2 − 1
n
[( 1
n
2
−n+n−…
3
) ] −2
2 2
= lim =− = − 3
1 + √4

(√ √ )
n→∞ 1 1
n 1+ + 4−
n2 n2

Y
35. (b) 1
1

Explanation: Let L = lim a 0 ( xm + a1 xm − 1 + … + am ) x

OP
x→∞
Taking log on both sides,
1 ∞
log L = lim x
log(a0xm + ... + am) ..[ ∞ form]
x→∞
TC
Applying L' Hopital’s rule,

( ( )(
)
1
a 0x m + … + a m
ma 0x m − 1 + … + a m − 1 )
log L = lim
NO

1
r→∞

(
x m − 1 ma 0 +
( m − 1 ) a1
x +…+
am − 1

xm − 1 )
DO

= lim

( )
x→∞ a1 am
xm a0 + x + … + m
x

=0
⇒ L = e0 = 1
36. (d) 100
( x + 1 ) 10 + ( x + 2 ) 10 + … + ( x + 100 ) 10
Explanation: lim
x→∞ x 10 + 10 10

= lim
x 10
[( ) ( )
1+ x
1 10
+ 1+ x
2 10
+…+ ( 100
1+ x ) 10

]
( )
x→∞ 10 10
x 10 1 +
x 10

= 100
1
37. (c) 12
1
Explanation: S(n) = 2 [(n - 1) ⋅ 1 + ... + 2 ⋅ (n - 2) + 1 ⋅ (n - 1)] ...[division by 2 as S(n) denotes the product of unordered pairs]
1 n−1
= 2
∑ (n - r) ⋅ r
r=1

11 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
 ( ) ( )
1 n−1 1 n−1
= 2n ∑ r − 2
∑ r2
r=1 r=1
1 1
= n2(n - 1) - (n - 1) n(2n - 1)
4 12
1 1 n(n−1) (n+1)
= 4 n(n - 1)(n - 3 (2n - 1)) = 12
S(n) 1 n(n−1) (n+1)
lim 3 = lim
n→∞ n
12
n→∞ n3
1 1
= 12
(1) = 12
1
38. (d)
12

Explanation: Given, α and β are the roots of the equation 375x2 - 25x - 2 = 0
25 1
∴ α+β= = ...(i)
375 15
2
and αβ = − 375
...(ii)
n n
Now, lim ∑ α r + lim ∑ β r
n → ∞r = 1 n → ∞r = 1

Y
= (α + α 2 + α 3 + ... + upto infinite terms) + (β + β 2 + β 3 + ... + upto infinite terms)
α β
[ a
]
OP
= 1−α
+ 1−β
∵ S∞ = 1−r
for GP
α(1−β) +β(1−α) α − αβ + β − αβ
= (1−α) (1−β)
= 1 − α − β + αβ
( α + β ) − 2αβ
=
TC
1 − ( α + β ) + αβ
1 −2
On substituting the value α + β = 15
and αβ = 375
from
Eqs. (i) and (ii) respectively,
we get
1 4
+ 375
NO

15 29 29 1
= 1 2
= = =
375 − 25 − 2 348 12
1 − 15 − 375

x
39. (c) 4

Explanation: Let Sn = [13x] + [23x] + ... + [n3x]

DO

Using x - 1 < [x] ≤ x, we have

13x - 1 < [13x] ≤ 13x
23x - 1 < [23x] ≤ 23x ...
n3x - 1 < [n3x] ≤ n3x
Adding all, we get
(13 + 23 + 33 + ... + n3)x - n < Sn ≤ (13 + 23 + ... + n3)x
n2 ( n + 1 )2 n 2 ( n + 1 ) 2x n2 ( n + 1 )2
⇔ x - n < Sn ≤ ...[13 + 23 + ... + n3 = ]
4 4 4

Dividing by n4 and taking limit n → ∞,

lim
n→∞ ( n 2 ( n + 1 ) 2x
4n 4
−

Sn
1
n3 ) < lim
n→∞ n
Sn
4 ≤ lim
n→∞
n2 ( n + 1 )2
4n 4
x

x x
⇔
4
− 0 < lim 4 ≤ 4
n→∞ n
Sn x
⇒ lim = (By Sandwich theorem)
n→∞ n4 4

12 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
40. (b) 0
1 1

( ) ( )
2x
n
ex
− 3x
n −
ex

Explanation: Let L = lim

x→∞ xn

( )
xn

( ) ( )
1 2
xn ex
3 e x
3 −1

= lim ...(i)
x→∞ xn
xn nx n − 1
lim x = lim
x→∞ e x→∞ ex

= n(n - 1) lim
x→∞ ( ) xn − 2
ex

...

= n ! lim
x→∞ () 1
ex
= 0 ...(ii)

Y
( )
xn

() 2
ex

OP
3 −1

xn 1
(i) ⇒ L = lim (3) e x lim ⋅
x→∞ x→∞
xn ex
ex
2
TC
= 1 × log( 3 ) × 0 = 0

41. (b) a1 ⋅ a2 ⋅ ... an

( )
1 1 1 nx
( a1 ) + ( a2 ) x x +…+ ( an ) x
NO

Explanation: Let L = lim n

x→∞

( )
1 1 1

( a1 ) + ( a2 )
x x +…+ ( an ) x

⇒ log L = n lim x log

DO

n
x→∞

( ( )
)
1 1 1

( a1 ) + ( a2 )
x x +…+ ( an ) x

log n

0
= n lim 1 ...[ 0 form]
x→∞ x

Applying L' Hopital’s rule,

( ) (( )
)]
n 1 1
a1 ) x log a1 + … + ( an ) x log an

(( 1 1 1

[( ) ( ) 1 1
a1 ) ( )
x + a2 x +…+ ( )
an x

log L = n lim − 2 n 1
x→∞ x −
x2

13 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
 = ( )( )
n
n
n
n
(log a1 + log a2 + ... + log an)

= log (a1 ⋅ a2 ⋅ ... an)

⇒ L = a1 ⋅ a2 ⋅ a3 ... an

42. (a) a = 1, b = -1, c ∈ R

Explanation: lim
x→∞
(√ ax 2 + bx + c − x = − ) 1
2

( ( ax + bx + c ) − x
)
2 ?
1
⇔ lim 2
= − 2
x→∞ √ax + bx + c + x

( a − 1 ) x 2 + bx + c 1
⇔ lim 2
= − 2
...(i)
x→∞ √ax + bx + c + x

Since the limit is finite, therefore a = 1.

(i) reduces to
bx + c 1
lim = −
2
x→∞ √ x 2 + bx + c + x

Y
c
b+ x 1
⇔ lim = − 2
b c

√
OP
s→∞ 1+ x + +1
2
x

b 1
⇒
2
= − 2
⇒ b = -1
There is no condition on c, so c ∈ R
TC
43. (a) 5050
x + x 2 + … + x 100 − 100
Explanation: lim
x−1
x→1

(
( x − 1 ) + x 2 − 1 + … + x 100 − 1 ) ( )
NO

= lim
x−1
x→1

= lim [1 + (x + 1) + (x2 + x + 1) +...+ (x99 + x98 + ... + 1)]

x→1
( 100 ) ( 101 )
= 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 100 = 2
= 5050
DO

1
44. (b)
√24
G(x) −G(1)
− √25 − x 2 + √24
Explanation: lim x−1
= lim x−1
x→1 x→1
2 2
√24 − √25 − x √24 + √25 − x
= lim x−1
×
x→1 √24 + √25 − x 2
24 − 25 − x 2( )
= lim
x→1 (x−1)
(√ 24 + √25 − x 2 )
x2 − 1
= lim
x→1 (x−1)
(√ 24 + √25 − x 2 )
x+1
= lim 2
x→1 √24 + √25 − x
2 1
= =
2√24 √24
1
45. (a) exists and equals
4√ 2

Explanation: Clearly,

14 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
 √1 + √1 + y4 − √2
lim
y→0 y4

√1 + √1 + y4 − √2 √1 + √1 + y4 + √2
= lim × [rationalising the numerator]
y4
y→0 √ √1 + y 4 + √2
1+

(1+ √1 + y 4 ) − 2
= lim [ ∵ (a + b) (a - b) = a2 - b2]
y→0 y4 ( √1 + √ 1 + y4 + √2 )
√ 1 + y4 − 1 √1 + y 4 + 1
= lim × [again, rationalising the numerator]
y → 0 y4 ( √1 + √1 + y4 + √2 ) √1 + y 4 + 1
y4
= lim
y → 0 y4 ( √1 + √1 + y4 + √2 ) ( √1 + y4 + 1 )
1
= (by cancelling y4 and then by direct substitution)
2√ 2 × 2
1
=
4√ 2

Y
46. (c) 9

7n + 1 + 5n + 2 ( ) ( )
7 7 n + 25 5 n

OP
Explanation: Let L = lim = lim 1
( )
n → ∞ 9 7n − 5n − 2 n→∞ 9 (7 ) − (5 )
n
25
n

Dividing numerator and denominator by 7n, we get

() 5 n
TC
7 + 25 7

L = lim

()
n→∞ 1 5 n
9 − 25 7

[ () ] 5 n
NO

= 9
... lim 7
=0
n→∞

47. (a) 4
√f ( x ) − 3 ( f ( x ) − 9 ) ( √x + 3 )
Explanation: lim = lim
x→9 √x − 3 x → 9 ( x − 9 ) ( √f ( x ) + 3 )
DO

= f ′ (9) lim
√x + 3
x → 9 √f ( x ) + 3
=4
() 6
6
=4

48. (d) 2

Explanation: Given lim

x→0
| 1−x+ |x|
λ−x+ [x] | =L

Here, L.H.L. = lim

| | | |
h→0
1+h+h
λ+h−1
=
1
λ−1

R.H.L. = lim
h→0
| | ||
1−h+h
λ+h+0
=
1
λ

Given that limit exists. Hence L.H.L. = R.H.L.

⇒ |λ − 1| = |λ|

⇒ λ=
1
2
and L = ||
1
λ
=2

49. (d) -2
1
(1+x)x −e 0
Explanation: lim x
= L, say [ 0 form]
x→0

15 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
 1
To evaluate this limit by L' Hopital's rule we need the derivative of (1 + x) x , which can be obtained by logarithmic
differentiation.

L = lim
(1+x)x
1

[ x(1+x)
1
−
1
x2
log ( 1 + x )
]
1
x→0

= e lim
x→0 [x(1+x)
1
−
x2
1
log(1 + x)
]
= e lim
x→0 [ x − ( 1 + x ) log ( 1 + x )
x2 ( 1 + x ) ]
( )
1+x
1 − log ( 1 + x ) − 1 + x
= e lim
x→0 2x ( 1 + x ) + x 2

− log ( 1 + x ) 0

Y
= e lim 2 ...[ 0 form]
x → 0 2x ( 1 + x ) + x
1
− 1+x

OP
= e lim 2[ (1+x+x) +x]
x→0
e
= -2
⇒ m = -1, n = 2(or m = 1, n = -2)
TC
⇒ mn = -2
50. (a) 2
Explanation: f(x) = 1 - 2x, x < 0
= 1, 0 ≤ x < 1
NO

= 2x - 1, x ≥ 1

}
lim f(x) = lim (1 − 2x) = 1
x→0− x→0−
⇒ lim f(x) = 1 = l1
lim f(x) = lim (1) = 1 x→0
x→0+ x→0+
DO

}
lim f(x) = lim (1) = 1
x→1− x→1−
⇒ lim f(x) = 1 = l2
lim f(x) = lim (2x − 1) = 1 x→1
x→1+ x→1+

⇒ l1 + l2 = 2

51. (d) 3
( 3 ( p − 2 ) x − tan 3x ) sin 2x
Explanation: lim x
⋅
x
=0
x→0

⇒ lim
x→0
( 3(p − 2) − 3 ( ))
tan 3x
3x
⋅ lim 2
x→0
( ) sin 2x
2x
=0

⇒ (3p - 6 - 3)(2) = 0
⇔ 3p - 9 = 0 ⇔ p = 3
1
52. (a) 3
1
Explanation: 3

16 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
53. (a) 1
xcot 4x x 1 tan 2 2x
Explanation: lim 2 2 = lim ⋅
x → 0 sin x ⋅ cot 2x x→0
tan 4x sin 2 x 1

1 4x x 2 2
tan 2x
= lim 4 ( tan 4x ) sin 2 x
⋅
x→0 x2

= lim
x→0
1 4x
4 ( tan 4x ) ( ) ( ) x
sin x
2
⋅
tan 2x 2
2x
⋅
4
1

=
1
4
⋅ 1⋅1⋅1⋅
4
1
=1
[ ∵
x→0
lim
x
sin x
= 1 = lim
x→0
tan x
x ]
54. (b) -1
e tan x − e x
Explanation: lim x − tan x
x→0

= lim
x→0
( − e lin x ) [ e x − tan x − 1
x − tan x ]
( e x − tan x − 1

Y
= lim (-etan x) lim x − tan x
x→0 x→0

OP
= -e0 × 1 = -1
π
55. (b) lim x n =
4
n→∞
sin ( xn + 1 − xn )
TC
Explanation: sin x nsin x n + 1
= -2 - (n + 11)

⇔ cot xn - cot xn+1 = -2-(n + 1)

Let n vary through 1 to (n - 1) and by adding all, we get

( )
NO

1 1 1
cot x1 - cot xn = − + +…+
22 23 2n

1 1 1 1 1
⇒ cot xn = 2
+ 2 + 3 +…+ n ...[cot x1 = 2 ]
2 2 2

1
( )
1−
1
DO

2 2n
1
⇔ cot xn = 1 =1− ...(i)
2n
1− 2
π
lim cot xn = 1 ⇒ lim xn = cot-1(1) = 4
n→∞ n→∞
7
Observe that cot xn = 8
⇔ n=3
(i) ⇒ cot xn < 1 and cot xn is rational for all n.

56. (c) 5
Explanation:
2x
The limit will not exist, when sin − 1 = − 1, 0, 1
1 + x2

17 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
 ( ){
= − 1 (two value of x)
2x
Also, sin − 1 = 0 (one value of x)
1 + x2
= 1(two value of x)
∴ Number of possible value of a are -1,-1, 0, 1,1 which are five in number
57. (a) log a

Explanation: lim
x→ 2
π
a cot x − a cos x
cot x − cos x
= lim a cos x
x→ 2
π ( a cot x − cos x − 1
cot x − cos x )
= a cos ( ) log a ... [
π
2 ∵ lim
x→0
ax − 1
x
= loga
]
= log a
58. (c) 4

Explanation: In vicinity of x = 0, sin − 1x > | x | | |

sin − 1 x
> 1, in vicinity of x = 0

Y
⇒
x

∴ l = 13 + 23 + 33 + .... + n3

( )
OP
n(n+1) 2
= 2
= 100 ⇒ n=4

59. (c) an irrational number

sin ( xcos x ) 0
TC
Explanation: L = lim ...[ form]
π cos ( xsin x ) 0
x→ 2

Applying L' Hopital’s rule,

cos ( xcos x ) ( cos x − xsin x )
L = lim − sin ( xsin x ) ( xcos x + sin x )
π
NO

x→ 2

(1) ( )
0− 2
π

π
= ( −1) (1)
= 2

60. (a) 3
( )
DO

( cos x − 1 ) cos x − e x
Explanation: lim n
x→0 x

= lim
( − 2 sin 2
x
2
)
{( 1−
x2
2!
+
x4
4!
−...
) ( − 1 + x +
x2
2!
+
x3
3!
+...
)}
x→0 xn

( − 2sin 2 2
x
)( 2x 2
−x− 2! − 3! − …
x3

)
= lim
x→0
4() x
2
2
xn − 2

= lim
sin 2 2
x
( 1+x+ 3! + …
x2
)
x→0
2 () x
2
2
xn − 3

Above limit is finite, if n - 3 = 0, i.e. n = 3.

Section B
61. 0
Explanation:

18 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
 Since, the function have extreme value at x = 1 and x = 2
∴ f'(x) = 0 at x = 1 and x = 2

⇒ f'(1) = 0 and f'(2) = 0

Also, it is given that,

lim
x→0 [ ]1+
f(x)
x2
=3

f(x)
⇒ 1 + lim 2 =3
x→0 x
f(x)
⇒ lim =2
x→0 x2

⇒ f(x) will be of the form ax4 + bx3 + 2x2 ...[ ∵ f(x) is four degree polynomial]
Let f(x) = ax4 + bx3 + 2x2
⇒ f'(x) = 4ax3 + 3bx2 + 4x
⇒ f'(1) = 4a + 3b + 4 = 0 .... (i)
and f'(2) = 32a + 12b + 8 = 0
⇒ 8a + 3b + 2 =0 ..... (ii)

Y
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii),
1
We get a = 2
,b = −2

OP
x4
∴ f(x) = 2
− 2x 3 + 2x 2
⇒ f(2) = 8 - 16 + 8 = 0
TC
62. 2
Explanation:

( ( )
) ()
n
e cos α − e e
lim = −
α→0 αm 2
NO

[ n
e e cos α − 1 − 1 ] cos α n − 1 −e
⇒ lim × =
α→0 cos α n − 1 αm 2

()αn 2
αn
DO

2
− 2sin 2 2 −e
⇒ e lim × =
αm 2

( )
α→0 αn 2

−e −e m
⇒
2
α 2n − m = 2
⇒
n
=2

63. 2
Explanation:

[ ][ ][ ] [ ]
f(x) =
x2 + x + 1
x2 + 1
+
4x 2 + x + 2
2x 2 + 1
+
9x 2 + x + 3
3x 2 + 1
+…+
n 2x 2 + x + n
nx 2 + 1

[ ][ ][ ] [ ]
= 1+
x
x2 + 1
+ 2+
x
2x 2 + 1
+ 3+
x
3x 2 + 1
+…+ n+
x
nx 2 + 1

[ ][ ][ ] [ ]
= 1 + 2 + ... + n +

x
x
x2 + 1

1
+

1
x
2x 2 + 1
+
x
3x 2 + 1
+…+
x
nx 2 + 1

For x > 0, = <

x2 + 1 1 2
x+ x

19 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
 x 1 1
= < .....
2x 2 + 1 2x + x
1 2√ 2

x 1 1
= <
nx 2 + 1 nx + x
1 2√ n

∴
[ ][ ] [ ]
x
x2 + 1

n(n+1)
=
x
2x 2 + 1
= ... =
x
nx 2 + 1
=0

f(x) = 2

Now, lim
n→∞
( ) ( ) ( f ( x ) )2 −
f(x) −n
n3 ( n + 2 )
4
= lim
n→∞
n(n+1)
2

n2 ( n + 1 )2
4 −
−n

n3 ( n + 2 )
4

( ) ( ) n2 − n + 1
2
n2 − n + 1
2

Y
= lim = lim =2
n→∞ n2 ( n 2 + 2n + 1 ) n3 ( n + 2 ) n→∞
n2
4
4 − 4

64. 1
Explanation:

( )−
OP
TC
1 ℓn ( 1 − x ) 1
(1−x) x −e −1 e x
e 1 1
lim = lim [ ∵ (1 − x) x = e x ( 1 − x ) ]
xa xa
x→0+ x→0+

1e
1+
( ℓn ( 1 − x )
x ) −1 1 ℓn ( 1 − x ) + x
lim = lim
e xa e x (a+1)
NO

x→0+ x→0+

=
1
lim
( −x− 2 − 3 − …
x2 x3

) +x

∴ a=1
e xa + 1
x→0+
DO

65. 32
Explanation:
f(x) + f(x + 2) + f(x + 4) = 0 ...(i)
Replacing x by x + 2
f(x + 2) + f(x + 4) + f(x + 6) = 0 ...(ii)
(i) - (ii)
f(x) - f(x + 6) = 0
f(x) = f(x + 6) ∀ x ∈ R
∴ f(x) is periodic with period 6.

Differntiating above equation

f ′(x) = f ′(x + 6) ∀ x ∈ R
f ′(x) is also periodic with same period 6.
∴ f(x) = f(x + 6) = f(x + 12) = f(x + 18) = ...

f(0) = f(6) = f(12) = f(18) = ...

and f ′(x) = f ′(x + 6) = f ′(x + 12) = f ′(x + 18) = ...
f ′(0) = f ′(6) = f ′(12) = f ′(18) = ...
f 2 ( x + 12 ) − f ( x ) f ( 0 ) − f ( x + 6 ) f ( 18 ) + f 2 ( 18 ) f 2 ( x ) − 2f ( x ) f ( 0 ) + f 2 ( 0 ) ( f ( x ) − f ( 0 ) )2
Now, lim = lim = lim
x→0
x ( π
4 − tan − 1 ( 1 − x ) ) (
x → 0 x tan − 1 1 − tan − 1 ( 1 − x ) ) x→0
x ⋅ tan − 1 ( 1− (1−x)
1+1−x )
20 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
 = lim ( f(x) − f(0)
x ) 2
⋅
x
⋅
2− x
2− x
x→0
tan − 1
( ) 2−x
x

′
= (f (0))2 ⋅ 2 = 32

66. 40
Explanation:
x + x2 + x3 + … + xn − n 0
lim x−1
= 820 ( 0 case)
x→1
1 + 2x + 3x 2 + … . + nx n − 1
lim 1
= 820 (Using L' Hospital rule)
x→1
⇒ 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n = 820
n(n+1)
⇒
2
= 820 ⇒ n2 + n - 1640 = 0
⇒ n = 40, n ∈ N

67. 48
Explanation:

Y
1 1

( 1 + 3x + 2x 2 ) ( − 1 + 3x − 2x 2 )
()
x x
0
L = lim

OP
x 0
x→0

[ ][ ]
1 1

( 1 + 3x + 2x ) 2 x − e3 − ( 1 + 3x − 2x ) 2 x − e3

= lim
TC
x
x→0
1 1

( 1 + 3x + 2x ) 2 x − e3 ( 1 + 3x − 2x ) 2 x − e3
= lim x
- lim x
= L1 - L2
x→0 x→0
ln ( 1 + 3x + 2x ) 2
x ( 3 + 2x ) 2
NO

e x − e3 e 3 + 2x − 2 − e3
L1 = lim x
= lim x
x→0 x→0

[ ]
x

[ ]
2
e 2x − 2 ( 3 + 2x ) − 1 9 −5
= lim e3 = e3 2 − = e3
x 2 2
x→0
DO

− 13
and L2 = e 3, L = 4e3
2
⇒ k = 4

Hence 12k = 48

68. 4
Explanation:
e 2f ( x ) − 2e f ( x ) + 1 + e 2cos ( x − 1 ) 7
lim = e2
x→1 sec 2 (x−1) −1 2

Here limit exists. Therefore as x → 1, Nr → 0 ( ∵ Dr also tends to zero)

21 / 25
FIITJEE THE GREAT
 e 2f ( 1 ) − 2 ⋅ e ⋅ e f ( 1 ) + e 2 = 0

(e f(1)
−e ) 2
=0 ⇒ ef ( 1 ) = e ⇒ f(1) = 1
e 2f ( x ) − 2 ⋅ e ⋅ ef ( x ) + e 2 − e 2 ( 1 − cos (x−1) ) 7
lim = 2 e2
x→1 tan 2 (x−1)

(e f(x) −e ) 2
− e 2 ( 1 − cos ( x − 1 ) )
7
lim tan 2 ( x − 1 )
= 2 e2
x→1 ( x − 1 )2
( x − 1 )2

( ( )
)
2
e2 ef ( x ) − 1 − 1
lim
x→1 (f(x) − 1 )2
⋅
( f(x) −1 2
x−1 ) - e2
( 1 − cos ( x − 1 ) )
( x − 1 )2
7
= 2 e2

( ) 2 1 7
e 2 ⋅ 1 ⋅ f ′(1) − e2 ⋅ 2
= 2 e2

(f'(1))2 =4 ⇒ f'(1) = ± 2 ⇒ f'(1) = 2 { ∵ f'(x) > 0)

Now, equation of tangent at (1, f(1)) is
y - 1 = 2(x - 1)
2x - y = 1

Y
1 1 1 1
∴ Δ= 2
× 2
×1= 4
⇒
4
=4

OP
69. 10
Explanation:
f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) + xy2 + x2y
Differentiate w.r.t. x:
TC
f'(x + y) = f'(x) + 0 + y2 + 2xy
Put y = -x
f'(0) = f'(x) + x2 - 2x2 ...(i)
f(x)
lim x → 0 =1 f(x) = 0
NO

∵ ⇒
x
∴ f'(0) = 1 ...(ii)
From equations (i) and (ii),
f'(x) = (x2 + 1) ⇒ f'(3) = 10
DO

70. 18
Explanation:
Given ∫ f6( x ) 4t 3dt = (x − 2)g(x)
∫ f6( x ) 4t 3dt
⇒ g(x) = (x−2)
...[provided x ≠ 2]
f(x)
∫ 6 4t 3dt 0
So, lim g(x) = lim x−2
... [ ∵
0
form as x → 2 ⇒ f(2) = 6]
x→2 x→2

lim g(x) = lim

x→2 x→2
4 ( f ( x ) ) 3f ′ ( x )
1
...
[ ∵
d ϕ (x)
∫ 2 f(t)dt
dx ϕ 1 ( x ) ( ) ′
(
= f ϕ 2(x) , ϕ 2 (x) − f ϕ 1(x) ) ⋅
′
ϕ 1 (x)
]
On applying limit, we get

lim g(x) = 4(f(2)) 3f ′(2) = 4 × (6) 3 48 , ...

x→2
1
[ ∵ f(2) = 6 and f ′(2) =
1
48 ]
4 × 216
= 48
= 18

71. 770
Explanation:

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FIITJEE THE GREAT
 ( ) ( ) tan − 1 x
x − ntan n

L = lim

( )
x→0 tan − 1 x
nsin n −x

Let tan-1 x = t

tan t − ntan () t
n

∴ L = lim
t→0
nsin () t
n − tan t

= lim
( t3
t + 3 + 15 + 5
2

) (
−n n
t
+
t3
n3
−3+…
1

)
( )( )
t→0 t t3 1 t3
n n + n3 ⋅ 3 ! + … − t+ 3 + …

t3
( ) 1
−
1
+…
1
( ) 1−
1

( )

Y
3 3n 2 3 n2
n2 − 1 3
= lim = = −2 = −1 +
2n 2 + 1 2n 2 + 1

( ) ( )
t→0 1 1 1 1

OP
t3 −3− 2 +… 3 1−
6n n2

3
∴ f(n) = − 1 +
2n 2 + 1
3 1
=
TC
∴
2n 2 + 1 1+f(x)
3 2−f(x)
2n2 = 1+f(x)
−1= 1+f(x)
10 2 − f ( n ) 10 2 ( 10 ) ( 11 ) ( 21 )
∴ ∑ 1+f(n)
= 2 ∑ n2 = 6
= 10 × 11 × 7 = 770
n=1 n=1
NO

72. 2
Explanation:
π
g(x) = ∫ x2 [f' (t) cosec t - cot t cosec t f(t)] dt

() π π
DO

∴ g(x) = f 2
cosec 2 − f(x)cosecx

f(x)
⇒ g(x) = 3 − sin x

lim g(x) = lim

x→0 x→0
( 3sin x − f ( x )
sin x )
3cos x − f′ ( x )
= lim cos x
x→0
3−1
= 1
=2

73. 6
Explanation:

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FIITJEE THE GREAT
 ( )
( )
− tan 3 θ 1 − cos 3 θ
1 − cos θ −1 −3
l = lim 3 2 = − lim ⋅ (1 + cos2θ + cosθ) = ⋅ 3=
θ→0 θ θ θ→0 θ2 2 2

( (√ ( ) )
)
π 3

( )
2cos −θ − 2√ 2
( cos θ + sin θ ) 3 − 2√2 4

and lim 1 − sin 2θ

= lim
θ→π
θ→ 4
π
( )1 − cos
π
2 − 2θ

( { ( )}
)
π
− 2√ 2 1 − cos 3 4 −θ

= lim

( )
π π
θ→ 4 2sin 2 4 −θ

Put
( )
π
4
− θ = t, then

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
− √2 1 − cos 3 t − √2 ( 1 − cos t ) 1 + cos t + cos 2 t

Y
= lim = lim
t→0 sin 2 t t→0
( 1 − cos t ) ( 1 + cos t )

− 3√ 2

OP
−3
∴ m= =
2 √2
9 9 27
So, l2 + m2 = 4
+ 2
= 4

Hence, [l2 + m2] =6

TC
74. 3
Explanation:
1
tan − 1 x + tan − 1 y − tan − 1 3 sin − 1 ( y − 2 )
NO

L = lim (x−1)
⋅
(y−2)
(x,y) → (1,2)
1
x+ y
tan − 1 1 − tan − 1 3
1− y sin − 1 ( y − 2 )
= lim (x−1)
⋅
(y−2)
(x,y) → (1,2)

( )
DO

( xy + 1 )
tan − 1 y−x − tan − 1 3 sin − 1 ( y − 2 )
= lim (x−1)
⋅
(y−2)
(x,y) → (1,2)

xy + 1
L to exist tan-1 y−x
= tan-1 3 (important step)
xy + 1
y−x
=3
xy + 1 = 3y - 3x
3y − 1
x= 3+y
3x − 1
∴ f-1(x) = 3+x
f −1(x) 1 3
∴ lim 3x − 1
= 1 = 10
1 3+ 3
x→ 3

75. 2
Explanation:

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FIITJEE THE GREAT
 n
Sn = ∑ tan − 1
r=1 ( 2 ( 2r − 1 )

(
4 + r 2 r 2 − 2r + 1 ))
n
= ∑ tan − 1
r=1 ( 2 ( 2r − 1 )
4 + r2 ( r − 1 )2 )
n
= ∑ tan − 1
r=1
( ) ( )
1+ 2
2r − 1
r2
⋅
( r − 1 )2
2
n
= ∑ tan − 1
r=1 1+ 2
r2
2 −

r2
( r − 1 )2

⋅
2

( r − 1 )2
2

=∑
n

r=1 ( tan − 1

n2
r2
2
− tan − 1
( r − 1 )2
2

2
)
Sn = tan − 1 ⇒ cot (Sn) =
2 n2

Sn-1 = tan − 1
( ) ( n − 1 )2
2
⇒

2
cot (Sn-1) =

2
2
( n − 1 )2

cot (Sn-1) - cot(Sn) = −

Y
( n − 1 )2 n2

( )
n n 2 2
( ( ) )

OP
lim ∑ cot S n − cotS n = lim ∑ −
n → ∞n = 2 n → ∞n = 2 ( n − 1 )2 n2

= lim
n→∞ [( ) ( ) ( ) (
2
12
−
22
2
+
2
22
−
2
32
+
32
2
−
2
42
+…
2
( n − 1 )2
−
2
n2 )]
TC
= lim
n→∞ ( )
2−
2
n2
=2
NO
DO

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FIITJEE THE GREAT