1a.The exponential function 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟒𝟐. 𝟐(𝟏. 𝟓𝟔)𝒙 2b.

Graph: 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙
models the average amount spent, 𝒇(𝒙), in dollars, at
a shopping mall after x hours. What is the average
amount spent, to the nearest dollar, after three hours?
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1b. The exponential function 𝑓(𝑥) = 574(1.026)𝑥

models the population of India, 𝑓(𝑥), in millions, x
years after 1974. Find India’s population, to the
nearest million, in the year 2028.

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2a. Graph: 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙 1 𝑥

2c. Graph: 𝑓(𝑥) = ( )
3

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 1 𝑥 II. 𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥+2
2d. Graph: 𝑔(𝑥) = ( )
2

2e. Use the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 to obtain the III. 𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 2

graph of
I. 𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥−1

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2f. Use the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 to obtain the
graph of 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥+2 + 3. 2h. Use the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 to obtain the
graph of 𝑔(𝑥) = 2. (3𝑥−2 ) − 1.

3a. The exponential function 𝑓(𝑥) = 1066𝑒 0.042𝑥

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2g. Use the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = ( )𝑥 to obtain the models the gray wolf population of the Western
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1 𝑥+1 Great Lakes, 𝑓(𝑥), x years after 1978. If trends
graph of 𝑔(𝑥) = 3. ( ) continue, project the gray wolf’s population in the
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recovery area in 2012.
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3b. The exponential function 𝒈(𝒙) = 𝟔𝟖𝟕𝟓𝒆𝟎.𝟎𝟕𝟕𝒙

models the average cost of a family health
insurance plan x years after 2000. What was the
average cost of a family health insurance plan in
2011?
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4a. A sum of $10,000 is invested at an annual rate of 4d. A sum of $10,000 is invested at an annual rate
8%. Find the balance in the account after 5 years of 5.5%. Find the balance in the account after
subject to quarterly compounding. 5 years subject to continuous compounding.
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4b. A sum of $10,000 is invested at an annual rate of
5.5%. Find the balance in the account after 5 On your own:
years subject to monthly compounding. Find the value of an investment A for the given
…………………………………………………………………………………… principal P, rate r, and time t if the interest is
compounded n times annually:
……………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………… P= $ 1000, r= 4.5%, t= 10 years

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a) Annually
4c. A sum of $10,000 is invested at an annual rate of ……………………………………………………………………………………
8%. Find the balance in the account after 5 years
subject to continuous compounding. ……………………………………………………………………………………
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b) Semi-annually
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c) Quarterly
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d) Continuously

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(1) Write each equation in its equivalent (2) Write each equation in its equivalent
exponential form. logarithmic form.

a) 𝟐 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒃 𝟐 𝟓 a) 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟑𝟐

b) 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟔 𝟐 𝟏𝟔 = 𝒚 b) 𝟑𝟐 = 𝟗

c) 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟖𝟏 = 𝟒 𝟏
c) 𝟓−𝟑 =
𝟏𝟐𝟓

𝟏
d) 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐 𝟖 = −𝟑
𝟐
d) 𝟐𝟕𝟑 = 𝟗

e) 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒃 𝟏 = 𝟎
−𝟏
𝟏
e) 𝟏𝟔 𝟐 =
𝟒
𝟐
f) 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟑

f) 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏

𝟏 𝟑
g) 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏 =
𝟗
𝟐𝟕 𝟐
𝟏
g) 𝟏𝟐𝟓𝟑 = 𝟓

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(3) Evaluate: On your own:
1
a) 𝑙𝑜𝑔5
125

b) 10log 5

c) log 36 6

d) log 4 1 6

e) log 7 78

f) log 4 1

g) ln 𝑒

h) ln 𝑒 2𝑥−1

1
i) ln
𝑒2

j) log 1000

k) log 0.0001

l) 𝑒 ln(2𝑥)

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(4) a. Graph 𝐟(𝐱) = 𝟑𝐱 and 𝐠(𝐱) = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟑 𝐱 (5) Find the domain of
in the same rectangular coordinate system.
a) 𝐟(𝐱) = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟒 ( 𝟑𝐱 − 𝟏𝟓).

b) 𝐟(𝐱) = 𝐥𝐨𝐠( 𝟐 + 𝟖𝐱).

c) 𝐟(𝐱) = 𝐥𝐧( 𝟒 − 𝒙𝟐 ).

𝟏 𝒙
b. Graph 𝒇(𝒙) = ( ) and 𝒈(𝒙) = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟏 𝒙 d) 𝐟(𝐱) = 𝐥𝐧( 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓𝐱 + 𝟖).
𝟐 𝟐
in the same rectangular coordinate system.

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(1) Express each logarithm in terms of On your Own: Express each logarithm in
ln 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ln 3: terms of ln 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ln 3:
a) ln 16
a) ln 15

b) ln 27
b) ln 5.4

1
c) ln
8 1
c) ln
9

9
d) ln
32 9
d) ln
25

e) ln 6
e) ln 0.6

f) ln 72
f) ln 225

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(2) Evaluate each logarithm:

(4) Condense each expression:

(3) Expand each expression:

Condense:

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 (5)
a. Use common logarithms to evaluate
𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟕 𝟐 𝟓𝟎𝟔

b. Use common logarithms to evaluate

𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟎.𝟏 𝟏 𝟕

c. Use natural logarithms to evaluate

𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟕 𝟐 𝟓𝟎𝟔

d. Use natural logarithms to evaluate

𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟎.𝟏 𝟏 𝟕

(6)

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1. Use the product rule to expand: 𝒍𝒐𝒈( 100𝑥). 13. Use logarithmic properties to expand: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝑏 ( 𝑥 2 𝑦).

2. Use the product rule to expand: 𝒍𝒐𝒈5 ( 7 ⋅ 3). √𝑥

14. Use logarithmic properties to expand: 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 (25𝑦 3).

𝑒5
3. Use the quotient rule to expand: 𝒍𝒏 (11). 36
15. Use logarithmic properties to expand: 𝑙𝑜𝑔6 ( ).
√𝑥+1

4. Use the quotient rule to expand: 𝑙𝑜𝑔4 ( ).

64
16. Write as a single logarithm: 𝑙𝑜𝑔 2 5 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 4.
𝑦

17. Write as a single logarithm: 𝑙𝑜𝑔 5 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 2.

5. Use the power rule to expand: 𝒍𝒐𝒈6 39

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18. Write as a single logarithm: 2 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 + 3 𝑙𝑛( 𝑥 + 5).

6. Use the power rule to expand: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝑏 𝑥 3 .

19. Write as a single logarithm: 4 𝑙𝑛(𝑥 + 6) − 3 𝑙𝑛 𝑥.

7. Use the power rule to expand: 𝑙𝑜𝑔( 𝑥 + 4)2

20. Write as a single logarithm: 3 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 + 5 𝑙𝑛 𝑦 − 6 𝑙𝑛 𝑧

9. Use the power rule to expand: 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑁 −6

21. Use common logarithms to evaluate 𝑙𝑜𝑔6 2 5.

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10. Use logarithmic properties to expand: 𝒍𝒏 √𝑥.
22. Use common logarithms to evaluate 𝑙𝑜𝑔0.3 1 6.

11. Use logarithmic properties to expand:

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𝒍𝒏 √𝑥. 23. Use natural logarithms to evaluate 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 2 6.

24. Use natural logarithms to evaluate 𝑙𝑜𝑔0.8 1 7.

12. Use logarithmic properties to expand: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝑏 (𝑥 4 3√𝑦).

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(1) Solve each equation: (2) Solve each equation:

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(3) Solve each equation: (4) Solve each equation:

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(5) Solve each equation: (6) Solve each equation:

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(7) Solve each equation: (8) Solve each equation:

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Solve each equation: 6. Solve: 10𝑥 = 3.91.

1. Solve: 53𝑥−6 = 125.

7. Solve: 7𝑒 2𝑥 − 5 = 58.
2. Solve: 42𝑥−1 = 64.

3. Solve: 8𝑥+2 = 4𝑥−3 . 8. Solve: 7𝑥+2 = 410.

4. Solve: 8𝑥+3 = 16𝑥−1 . 9. Solve: 4 𝑙𝑛( 3𝑥) = 8.

5. Solve: 10𝑥 = 8000. 10.Solve: 𝒍𝒐𝒈4 (𝑥 + 5) = 3.

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11. 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝑥 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈( 𝑥 − 3) = 1. 15. The formula 𝐴 = 37.3𝑒 0.0095𝑒 models
the population of California, A, in millions, t
years after 2010. When will the population
of California reach 40 million?

12. 𝒍𝒐𝒈5 𝑥 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈5 (4𝑥 − 1) = 1.

16. How long, to the nearest tenth of a year,

will it take $1000 to grow to $3600 at 8%
annual interest compounded quarterly?

13. 𝒍𝒏( 𝑥 − 3) = 𝒍𝒏( 7𝑥 − 23) − 𝒍𝒏( 𝑥 + 1)

17. How long, to the nearest tenth of a year,

will it take $8000 to grow to $16,000 at 8%
14. 𝒍𝒐𝒈( 𝑥 + 4) − 𝒍𝒐𝒈 2 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈( 5𝑥 + 1) annual interest compounded continuously?

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