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Differentiation of log or ln
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑 𝑑𝑦 1
If 𝑦 = ln|𝑓(𝑥)| 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 = 𝑓(𝑥) × 𝑑𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) => = 𝑓(𝑥) × 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

For Example:

𝑦 = ln 𝑥 𝑦 = ln(𝑥 2 + 1)
Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’ Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦 2𝑥
= × 1 => = = 2 × 2𝑥 => = 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 + 1 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 + 1

Properties of log or ln

1. ln(𝐴 × 𝐵) = ln 𝐴 + ln 𝐵 Remember:
𝐴 ln 1 = 0
2. ln (𝐵) = ln 𝐴 − ln 𝐵
ln 𝑒 = 1
3. ln 𝐵 𝐴 = 𝐴 ln 𝐵 ln 0 = ∞
log 𝑎
4. log 𝑏 𝑎 = log 𝑏

Differentiation of Exponential Functions

General Exponential Functions:

𝑑𝑦
If 𝑦 = 𝑎 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)𝑎 𝑓(𝑥) ln 𝑎
𝑑𝑥

For Example:
2 2
𝑦 = 5𝑥 𝑦 = 9𝑥 +𝑥+1
Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’ Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’
𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 2
= 2𝑥 5𝑥 ln 5 = (2𝑥 + 1) 9𝑥 +𝑥+1 ln 9
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Natural Exponential Functions:

𝑑𝑦
If 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)𝑒 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥

For Example:

𝑦 = 𝑒𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒𝑥
3

Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’ Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
= 1. 𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥
3
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

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Derivatives of Hyperbolic Functions

𝑑 𝑑
(sinh 𝑥) = cosh 𝑥 (cosh 𝑥) = sinh 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
(tanh 𝑥) = sech2 𝑥 (coth 𝑥) = − cosech2 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
(sech 𝑥) = − sech 𝑥 tanh 𝑥 (cosech 𝑥) = − cosech 𝑥 coth 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Differentiation of Hyperbolic Functions.

If 𝑦 = sinh 𝑓(𝑥)

𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑛 = sinh 𝑓(𝑥) => = cosh 𝑓(𝑥) × 𝑓(𝑥) => = cosh 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
=> = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) cosh 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
For Example: 𝑦 = sinh 2𝑥 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 = 2 cosh 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥

Derivatives of Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

𝑑 1 𝑑 1
(sinh−1 𝑥) = (cosh−1 𝑥) =
𝑑𝑥 √1 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 √𝑥 2 − 1
𝑑 1 𝑑 1 1
(tanh−1 𝑥) = (coth−1 𝑥) = 𝑜𝑟 − 𝑥 2 −1 , |𝑥| > 1
𝑑𝑥 1 − 𝑥2 𝑑𝑥 1−𝑥 2

𝑑 1 𝑑 1
(sech−1 𝑥) = − (cosech−1 𝑥) = − , 𝑥>0
𝑑𝑥 𝑥√1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑥√1 + 𝑥 2

Differentiation of Inverse Hyperbolic Functions.

𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑
If 𝑦 = sinh−1 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑛 = 𝑑𝑥 sinh−1 𝑓(𝑥) => 𝑑𝑥 = × 𝑑𝑥 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 √1+[𝑓(𝑥)]2

𝑑𝑦 1
=> = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 √1 + [𝑓(𝑥)]2

For Example:

𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦 2𝑥
𝑦 = sinh−1 𝑥 2 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 = × 2𝑥 => =
𝑑𝑥 √1 + (𝑥 2 )2 𝑑𝑥 √1 + 𝑥 4

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EXERCISE 2.6

1. Find 𝒇′(𝒙) if
1 𝑒 𝑥 −𝑒 −𝑥
(i) 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒆√𝒙−𝟏 => 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥 +𝑒 −𝑥 (𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 −𝑥 ) = 𝑒 𝑥 +𝑒 −𝑥
Sol. Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’ 1 𝑒2𝑥 −1
𝑒𝑥− 𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 −1
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 ′ (𝑥) 𝑒 𝑒𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑒 √𝑥−1 ) => 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑒 √𝑥−1 (√𝑥 − 1) => 𝑓 = 1 = 𝑒2𝑥 +1
= 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑒𝑥+ 𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 +1
1
𝑒 𝑒𝑥
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑒 √𝑥−1 (2 𝑥 × 1 − 0) (vi)
𝒆𝒂𝒙 −𝒆−𝒂𝒙
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒆𝒂𝒙 +𝒆−𝒂𝒙
√
1
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2 𝑥 𝑒 √𝑥−1 𝐴𝑛𝑠 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 −𝑒 −𝑎𝑥
√ Sol.𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 +𝑒 −𝑎𝑥
𝟏
(ii) 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟑 𝒆𝒙 , (𝒙 ≠ 𝟎) 𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 −𝑥
=> 𝑓(𝑥) = tanh 𝑎𝑥 ∵ tanh 𝑥 =
Sol. Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’ 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥
1
𝑑 𝑑 Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’
𝑑𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 3 𝑒 𝑥 ) 𝑑 𝑑
1 𝑑 1 1 𝑑𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑑𝑥 (tanh 𝑎𝑥)
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑥 3 𝑒 𝑥 ( ) 𝑑
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 => 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = sech2 𝑎𝑥 (𝑎𝑥)
1 1 −1 𝑑𝑥
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 ( 2 ) => 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
= sech 𝑎𝑥 × 𝑎 = 𝑎 sech2 𝑎𝑥
2
𝑥 2
′ (𝑥) 2 𝑥
1 1 2
=> 𝑓 = 3𝑥 𝑒 − 𝑒 𝑥 => 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑎 ( 𝑎𝑥 )
1 𝑒 + 𝑒 −𝑎𝑥
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = (3𝑥 2 − 1)𝑒 𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑠 4
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑎 𝑎𝑥
(iii) 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒆𝒙 (𝟏 + 𝐥𝐧 𝒙) (𝑒 + 𝑒 −𝑎𝑥 )2
Sol. Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’ 4𝑎
𝑑 𝑑 => 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑠
𝑑𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑑𝑥 (𝑒 𝑥 (1 + ln 𝑥)) (𝑒 + 𝑒 −𝑎𝑥 )2
1 (vii) 𝒇(𝒙) = √𝐥𝐧(𝒆𝟐𝒙 + 𝒆−𝟐𝒙 )
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 1. 𝑒 𝑥 (1 + ln 𝑥) + 𝑒 𝑥 ( ) Sol. Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’
𝑥
′ (𝑥) 𝑥
1 𝑑 𝑑
𝑓(𝑥) = (√ln(𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 ))
=> 𝑓 = 𝑒 [(1 + ln 𝑥) + ] 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 ′ (𝑥) 1 𝑑
𝑥(1 + ln 𝑥) + 1 𝑓 = (ln(𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 ))
2√ln(𝑒 2𝑥 +𝑒 −2𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥 [ ] 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
𝑥 1 2𝑒 2𝑥 −2𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) =
𝒆𝒙 2√ln(𝑒 2𝑥 +𝑒 −2𝑥 ) 𝑒 2𝑥 +𝑒 −2𝑥
(iv) 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒆−𝒙 +𝟏 1 2(𝑒 2𝑥 −𝑒 −2𝑥 )
Sol. Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) =
2√ln(𝑒 2𝑥 +𝑒 −2𝑥 ) 𝑒 2𝑥 +𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑒𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 −𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = ( −𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑒 +1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
(𝑒 2𝑥 +𝑒 −2𝑥 )√ln(𝑒 2𝑥 +𝑒 −2𝑥 )
𝑥 (𝑒 −𝑥 (−1)𝑒 −𝑥 𝑥
1. 𝑒 + 1) − 𝑒
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = (viii) 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝐥𝐧 √𝒆𝟐𝒙 + 𝒆−𝟐𝒙
(𝑒 −𝑥 + 1)2
𝑒 𝑥 (𝑒 −𝑥
+ 1) + 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑒 𝑥 Sol. 𝑓(𝑥) = ln √𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 −2𝑥
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 1
(𝑒 −𝑥 + 1)2 𝑓(𝑥) = ln(𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 )
𝑒 −𝑥+𝑥
+ 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥+𝑥 2
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’
(𝑒 −𝑥 + 1)2 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝑓(𝑥) = (ln(𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 ))
𝑒 + 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒0
0 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑓′ (𝑥) 1 1 𝑑
= 2 𝑒 2𝑥 +𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 )
(𝑒 −𝑥 + 1)2
1 + 𝑒𝑥 + 1 1 2𝑒 2𝑥 −2𝑒 −2𝑥
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −𝑥 ∵ 𝑒0 = 1 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2 𝑒 2𝑥 +𝑒 −2𝑥
(𝑒 + 1)2 1 2(𝑒 2𝑥 −𝑒 −2𝑥 )
2 + 𝑒𝑥 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = × 2𝑥 −2𝑥
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑠. 2
2𝑥
𝑒 +𝑒
(𝑒 + 1)2 𝑒 − 𝑒 −2𝑥
(v) 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝐥𝐧(𝒆𝒙 + 𝒆−𝒙 ) 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥
𝑒 + 𝑒 −2𝑥
Sol. Diff. w.r.t. ‘x’ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = tanh 2𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
𝑑 𝑑
𝑓(𝑥) = (ln(𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥 ))
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
′ (𝑥) 1 𝑑
=> 𝑓 = 𝑒 𝑥 +𝑒 −𝑥 (𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥
1
=> 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥 +𝑒 −𝑥 (1. 𝑥
𝑒 − 1. 𝑒 −𝑥 )

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𝒅𝒚
2. Find 𝒅𝒙 , if
(i) 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 𝐥𝐧 √𝒙 =>
𝑑𝑦
=
1
(
√𝑥 2 +1+𝑥
)
1 𝑑𝑥 𝑥+√𝑥 2 +1 √𝑥 2 +1
Sol. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 ln √𝑥 => 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 2 ln 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑥+√𝑥 2 +1 1
Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’ => = ( )= 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
𝑑𝑥 𝑥+√𝑥 2 +1 √𝑥 2 +1 √𝑥 2 +1
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑 𝑑𝑦 1 1 𝟐
= (𝑥 2 ln 𝑥) => = (2𝑥 ln 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 ) (vii) 𝒚 = 𝐥𝐧(𝟗 − 𝒙 )
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦 1 Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
=> 𝑑𝑥
= 2 (2𝑥 ln 𝑥 + 𝑥) => 𝑑𝑥 = 2
𝑥(2 ln 𝑥 + 1) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑
𝑑𝑦 𝑥(2 ln 𝑥+1) = [ln(9 − 𝑥 2 )]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
=> = 𝐴𝑛𝑠. 𝑑𝑦 1 −2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2 = 9−𝑥2 × −2𝑥 = 9−𝑥2 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
(ii) 𝒚 = 𝒙√𝐥𝐧 𝒙 𝑑𝑥
−𝟐𝒙
(viii) 𝒚 = 𝒆 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟐𝒙
Sol. 𝑦 = 𝑥√ln 𝑥
Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’ 𝑑𝑦 𝑑
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑 = 𝑑𝑥 [𝑒 −2𝑥 sin 2𝑥]
= 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥√ln 𝑥) => 𝑑𝑥 = 1. √ln 𝑥 + 𝑥 (ln 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2√ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦 1
1 𝑑𝑦 1 = −2𝑒 −2𝑥 sin 2𝑥 + 2 cos 2𝑥 𝑒 −2𝑥
=> 𝑑𝑥
= √ln 𝑥 + 𝑥 => = √ln 𝑥 + 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
2√ln 𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2√ln 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2 ln 𝑥+1 𝑑𝑥
= 2𝑒 −2𝑥 (− sin 2𝑥 + cos 2𝑥)
=> 𝑑𝑥
= 𝐴𝑛𝑠. 𝑑𝑦
2√ln 𝑥
𝒙 = 2𝑒 −2𝑥 (cos 2𝑥 − sin 2𝑥)
(iii) 𝒚 = 𝐥𝐧 𝒙 𝑑𝑥
(ix) 𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥 (𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 1)
Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
1 Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 1.ln 𝑥−𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑
𝑑𝑥
= ( ) => = (ln 2 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥)
= [𝑒 −𝑥 (𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 1)]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 ln 𝑥−1 𝑑𝑦
=> 𝑑𝑥 = (ln 𝑥)2 𝐴𝑛𝑠 𝑑𝑥
= −1. 𝑒 −𝑥 (𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 1) + 𝑒 −𝑥 (3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)
𝑑𝑦
(iv)
𝟏
𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 𝐥𝐧 𝒙 𝑑𝑥
= −𝑒 −𝑥 (𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 1) + 𝑒 −𝑥 (3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)
1 𝑑𝑦
Sol. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 ln 𝑥 => 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 ln 𝑥 −1 => 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 (−1. ln 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑒 −𝑥 (−𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 − 1 + 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)
2 𝑑𝑦
=> 𝑦 = −𝑥 ln 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑒 −𝑥 (−𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 1) 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’ (x) 𝒚 = 𝒙 𝒆𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦 1
𝑑𝑥
= − (𝑥 2 ln 𝑥) => = − (2𝑥 ln 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥
Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
𝑑𝑦 𝑑
𝑑𝑦
=> 𝑑𝑥 = −(2𝑥 ln 𝑥 + 𝑥) => 𝑑𝑥 = −𝑥(2 ln 𝑥 + 1) 𝐴𝑛𝑠
𝑑𝑦 = [𝑥 𝑒 sin 𝑥 ]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝒙𝟐 −𝟏 = 1. 𝑒 sin 𝑥 + 𝑥 cos 𝑥 𝑒 sin 𝑥
(v) 𝒚 = 𝐥𝐧 √ 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝒙𝟐 +𝟏
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑒 sin 𝑥 (1 + 𝑥 cos 𝑥) 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
𝑥 2 −1 1 𝑥 2 −1 𝟑𝒙−𝟒
Sol. 𝑦 = ln √ 2 => 𝑦 = ln ( 2 ) (xi) 𝒚=𝟓𝒆
𝑥 +1 2 𝑥 +1
1 2 2 Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
=> 𝑦 = [ln(𝑥 − 1) − ln(𝑥 + 1)] 𝑑𝑦 𝑑
2 = 𝑑𝑥 [5 𝑒 3𝑥−4 ]
Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’ 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑
= 2 𝑑𝑥 [ln(𝑥 2 − 1) − ln(𝑥 2 + 1)] 𝑑𝑥
= 5(3) 𝑒 3𝑥−4 = 15 𝑒 3𝑥−4 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 1 1 (xii) 𝒚 = (𝒙 + 𝟏)𝒙
𝑑𝑥
= 2 [𝑥2 −1 × 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 +1 × 2𝑥] Sol. 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2𝑥 1 1 𝑑𝑦 𝑥 2 +1−𝑥 2 +1
= [ 2 − 2 ] => = 𝑥 [ ] Taking ‘ln’ on both sides
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑥 −1 𝑥 +1 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 2 −1)(𝑥 2 +1)
𝑑𝑦 2𝑥 ln 𝑦 = ln(𝑥 + 1)𝑥 => ln 𝑦 = 𝑥 ln(𝑥 + 1)
=> 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 4 −1 𝐴𝑛𝑠. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
𝑑 𝑑
(vi) 𝒚 = 𝐥𝐧 (𝒙 + √𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏) (ln 𝑦) = [𝑥 ln(𝑥 + 1)]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’ 1 𝑑𝑦 1×1
𝑦 𝑑𝑥
= 1. ln(𝑥 + 1) + 𝑥 𝑥+1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑑𝑥 [ln(𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + 1)] 𝑑𝑦 𝑥 (𝑥+1) ln(𝑥+1)+𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑦 [ln(𝑥 + 1) + 𝑥+1] = 𝑦 [ 𝑥+1
]
= (𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑑𝑦 𝑥 (𝑥+1) ln(𝑥+1)+𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥+√𝑥 2 +1 𝑑𝑥 = (𝑥 + 1) [ ] 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
𝑑𝑦 1 1×2𝑥 1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥+1
= (1 + )= (1 + )
𝑑𝑥 𝑥+√𝑥 2 +1 2√𝑥 2 +1 𝑥+√𝑥 2 +1 √𝑥 2 +1

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5|Page

(xiii) 𝒚 = (𝐥𝐧 𝒙)𝐥𝐧 𝒙

Sol. 𝑦 = (ln 𝑥)ln 𝑥
Taking ‘ln’ on both sides
ln 𝑦 = ln(ln 𝑥)ln 𝑥 => ln 𝑦 = ln 𝑥 ln(ln 𝑥)
Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
𝑑 𝑑 1 𝑑𝑦 1 1 𝑑
(ln 𝑦) = [ln 𝑥 ln(ln 𝑥)] => = ln(ln 𝑥) + ln 𝑥 (ln 𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 1 1 𝑑𝑦 ln(ln 𝑥) 1 𝑑𝑦 ln(ln 𝑥)+1
= 𝑦 [𝑥 ln(ln 𝑥) + ln 𝑥 ln 𝑥 𝑥] => 𝑑𝑥 = (ln 𝑥)ln 𝑥 [ + 𝑥]. => 𝑑𝑥 = (ln 𝑥)ln 𝑥 [ ] 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
√𝒙𝟐 −𝟏(𝒙+𝟏)
(xiv) 𝒚= 𝟑
(𝒙𝟑 +𝟏)𝟐
3
√𝑥 2 −1(𝑥+1) √(𝑥−1)(𝑥+1)(𝑥+1) √𝑥−1√𝑥+1(𝑥+1) √𝑥−1(𝑥+1)2
Sol. 𝑦 = 1 => 𝑦 = 3 => 𝑦 = 3 => 𝑦 = 3 3
(𝑥 3 +1)3 [(𝑥)3 +(1)3 ]2 [(𝑥+1)(𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)]2 (𝑥+1)2 (𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)2
√𝑥−1
=> 𝑦 = 3
(𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)2
Taking ‘ln’ on both sides
√𝑥−1 1 3
ln 𝑦 = ln 3 => ln 𝑦 = 2 ln(𝑥 − 1) − 2 ln(𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1)
(𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)2
Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
𝑑 𝑑 1 3 1 𝑑𝑦 1 1 3 2𝑥−1
𝑑𝑥
(ln 𝑦) = 𝑑𝑥 [2 ln(𝑥 − 1) − 2 ln(𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1)] => 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
= 2 𝑥−1 − 2 𝑥 2 −𝑥+1
𝑑𝑦 1 3(2𝑥−1) 𝑑𝑦 √𝑥−1 (𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)−3(𝑥−1)(2𝑥−1) 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑦 [2(𝑥−1) − 2(𝑥2 −𝑥+1) ] => 𝑑𝑥 = 3 [ 2(𝑥−1)(𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)
]. => 𝑑𝑥 =
(𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)2
√𝑥−1 (𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)−3(2𝑥 2 −𝑥−2𝑥+1) 𝑑𝑦 (𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)−3(2𝑥 2 −𝑥−2𝑥+1)
3 [ 2(𝑥−1)(𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)
] => 𝑑𝑥 = 1 3
1−2 2
(𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)2 2(𝑥−1) (𝑥 −𝑥+1)1+2
𝑑𝑦 (𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)−3(2𝑥 2 −3𝑥+1) 𝑑𝑦 𝑥 2 −𝑥+1−6𝑥 2 +9𝑥−3 𝑑𝑦 −5𝑥 2 +8𝑥−2
=> = 1 5 => = 1 5 => = 1 5 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2(𝑥−1)2 (𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)2 2(𝑥−1)2 (𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)2 2(𝑥−1)2 (𝑥 2 −𝑥+1)2
𝒅𝒚
3. Find 𝒅𝒙 if:
(i) 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐡 𝟐𝒙 (iv) 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐡−𝟏 (𝒙𝟑 )
Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’ Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑑
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑑𝑥 [cosh 2𝑥] = [sinh−1 (𝑥 3 )]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑
𝑑𝑥
= sinh 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (2𝑥) => 𝑑𝑥 = 2 sinh 2𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑠. = (𝑥 3 )
𝑑𝑥 √1+(𝑥 3 )2 𝑑𝑥
(ii) 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐡 𝟑𝒙 𝑑𝑦 3𝑥 2
Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’ => 𝑑𝑥 = 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
√1+𝑥 6
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 (v) 𝒚 = 𝐥𝐧 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐡 𝒙
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑑𝑥 [sinh 3𝑥]
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦 Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
= cosh 3𝑥 (3𝑥) => = 3 cosh 3𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑠. 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑 1
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝝅 𝝅 𝑑𝑥
= tanh 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (tanh 𝑥) = tanh 𝑥 (sech2 𝑥)
−𝟏(𝐬𝐢𝐧
(iii) 𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐡 𝒙) , − 𝟐 < 𝒙 < 𝟐 𝑑𝑦 cosh 𝑥 1 1 1
= sinh 𝑥 × cosh2 𝑥 = sinh 𝑥 × cosh 𝑥
Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’ 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑
= [tanh−1(sin 𝑥)] 𝑑𝑥
= 2 sinh 𝑥 cosh 𝑥 = 2 sinh 2𝑥 = 2 csch 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝒙
𝑑𝑦
=
1 𝑑
(sin 𝑥) (vi) 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐡−𝟏 (𝟐)
𝑑𝑥 1−(sin 𝑥)2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦 cos 𝑥 Sol. Differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’
=> 𝑑𝑥 = 1−sin2 𝑥 (cos 𝑥) => 𝑑𝑥 = cos2 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑 𝑥 1 1
𝑑𝑦 1 = ( )= ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑥2 2
=> 𝑑𝑥 = cos 𝑥 = sec 𝑥 √1+( )
2
√1+
4
𝑑𝑦 1 1 1 1 1
= ( )= ( )= 𝐴𝑛𝑠
𝑑𝑥 2 2 √4+𝑥2 2 √4+𝑥 2
√4+𝑥
4 2

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