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Computer Science Notes

This document introduces algorithms as essential step-by-step procedures for problem-solving in computer science. It discusses the classification of algorithms, their efficiency analyzed through Big O notation, and the importance of data structures in enhancing algorithm performance. Overall, algorithms and data structures are fundamental to developing efficient software and solving complex computational issues.

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4 views1 page

Computer Science Notes

This document introduces algorithms as essential step-by-step procedures for problem-solving in computer science. It discusses the classification of algorithms, their efficiency analyzed through Big O notation, and the importance of data structures in enhancing algorithm performance. Overall, algorithms and data structures are fundamental to developing efficient software and solving complex computational issues.

Uploaded by

isil.caba
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Computer Science Notes – Introduction to

Algorithms

Computer science is the study of computation, algorithms, and systems. One of


the most important areas of study is algorithms, which are step-by-step procedures
for solving problems. Algorithms form the backbone of computer programs, and
efficiency is a critical factor in determining how well an algorithm performs.

Algorithms can be classified based on their purpose, such as searching, sorting, or


optimization. For example, searching algorithms like linear search and binary
search allow us to find items in a dataset. Sorting algorithms, including bubble sort,
merge sort, and quicksort, are used to arrange data in a particular order. Each
algorithm has trade-offs in terms of speed, memory usage, and complexity.

The efficiency of algorithms is analyzed using Big O notation, which describes how
an algorithm's runtime grows with input size. For example, linear search has O(n)
time complexity, while binary search is much faster with O(log n), assuming the
data is sorted. Understanding time and space complexity is crucial for writing
programs that scale effectively.

Another important topic is data structures, which are ways of organizing and
storing data. Common examples include arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees,
and graphs. Choosing the right data structure can drastically improve the
performance of an algorithm.

In conclusion, algorithms and data structures form the foundation of computer


science. Without them, it would be impossible to build efficient software, analyze
data, or solve complex computational problems.

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