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02 02 Operators Assignment Arithmetic

This document discusses operators in procedural programming. It defines operators as elements that operate on one or two operands to manipulate data as part of an algorithm. It describes assignment operators, arithmetic operators, and prefix/postfix increment and decrement operators. Examples are provided to demonstrate how each operator works. The objectives are for students to understand the role of operators and how to use assignment and arithmetic operators in procedural programming.

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Febrian Sidabutar
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7 views

02 02 Operators Assignment Arithmetic

This document discusses operators in procedural programming. It defines operators as elements that operate on one or two operands to manipulate data as part of an algorithm. It describes assignment operators, arithmetic operators, and prefix/postfix increment and decrement operators. Examples are provided to demonstrate how each operator works. The objectives are for students to understand the role of operators and how to use assignment and arithmetic operators in procedural programming.

Uploaded by

Febrian Sidabutar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operators:

Assignment & Arithmetic


Procedural Programming

Mario Simaremare, S.Kom., M.Sc.


Program Studi Sarjana Sistem Informasi
Institut Teknologi Del
Objectives

• The objective of this session is the following:


• students are able to elaborate the role of operators.
• students are able to use assignment and arithmetic operators.

Procedural Programming 2
Please see this material first

Procedural Programming 3
Outlines

1. PEMVIS’ “Operators”.
2. Operator.
3. Assignment operator.
4. Arithmetic operators.
5. Prefix and postfix increment and
decrement operations.

Procedural Programming 4
Operator

Procedural Programming 5
Operator

• Solution = algorithm + data.


• Operation is needed to use and manipulate data.
• By following the algorithm.

• Operators operate one or two operands in an operation.


• One-operand operator is also called as unary operator.
• Two-operand operator is called as binary operator.

• Different data types might be operated differently,


hence different operators are needed.
Procedural Programming 6
Assignment Operator

Procedural Programming 7
Assignment operator

• It sets a value (right side expression) to a variable (left side).

• The operator is labeled with the assignment sign (=).


• Used for assigning a value into a particular variable.
• When the value’s type and the variable’s types are different:
• If the designated variable’s type is smaller, truncation might occurs.
• Automatic value conversion takes place.
• Multiple assignments are possible.

identifier = expression;
identifier1 = identifier2 = identifiern = expression;

Procedural Programming 8
Arithmetic Operators

Procedural Programming 9
Arithmetic operators

Action Operator To operate numerical values.


Addition +
Subtraction & negation - Compound operations, where arithmetic and
Multiplication * assignment operator applied at the same time.
E.g. s += 3;
Division /
short int s = 10;
Modulus % s += 2; //equals to s = s + 2; 12
Increment (pre & post) ++ s /= 3; //equals to s = s / 3; 4
s *= 4; //equals to s = s * 4; 16
Decrement (pre & post) -- s %= 2; //equals to s = s % 2; 0

Procedural Programming 10
Pre- and -post increment and decrement

short int r, s;
r = 0;
• Unary, one operand operator.
s = 1; • They affect the operands
r = ++s; //pre-increment; r:2; s:2; differently.
r = s++; //post-increment; r:2; s:3; • prefix increment/decrement
r = --s; //pre-decrement; r:2; s:2; will operate the operand first.
r = s--; //post-decrement; r:2; s:1;
• postfix increment/decrement
r = ++s + s; //r:4; s:2; will operate the operand after
r = s++ + s; //r:5; s:3; what? (later).
r = s++ + s++; //r:7; s:5; what?
r = s++ + ++s; //r:12; s:7; what?
r = ++s + s++ + s++; //r:25; s:10; what?

Procedural Programming 11
prefix and postfix
short int r, s; increment and decrement
r = 0;
s = 1; Increment first r = (s += 1) + s;
followed by anaddition

r = ++s + s; r = s + (s += 1);
2 2 Addition first followed
by an increment

r = s++ + s; r = s + (s += 1); s += 1;
2 3
Increment first followed by an
addition, then another increment
r = s++ + s++; 5
3 4
Procedural Programming 12
Todos

• Try playing with


• compound operators.
• prefix and postfix increment and decrement operations.

Procedural Programming 13
References

• Kerninghan & Ritchie. The C Programming Language.


• Herbert Schildt. C: The Complete Reference.

Procedural Programming 14
Thank
you

Procedural Programming 15

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