Python Programming Basics
1. Introduction to Python
- Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language.
- Easy to read and write, supports multiple paradigms: procedural, object-oriented, and functional.
2. Data Types
- Numeric: int, float, complex
x = 10 # int
y = 3.14 # float
z = 1+2j # complex
- String: sequence of characters
name = "Ratna"
print(name[0]) # Output: R
- Boolean: True or False
is_active = True
3. Variables and Input
age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
print("Your age is", age)
4. Conditional Statements
x = 10
if x > 0:
print("Positive")
elif x == 0:
print("Zero")
else:
print("Negative")
5. Loops
- For Loop:
for i in range(5):
print(i)
- While Loop:
count = 0
while count < 5:
print(count)
count += 1
6. Functions
def greet(name):
return f"Hello, {name}!"
print(greet("Ratna"))
7. Lists and Dictionaries
- List: Ordered collection
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
print(fruits[1]) # Output: banana
- Dictionary: Key-value pairs
student = {"name": "Ratna", "age": 20}
print(student["name"])
8. Simple Example: Calculator
def add(a, b):
return a + b
x = int(input("Enter first number: "))
y = int(input("Enter second number: "))
print("Sum:", add(x, y))
9. Conclusion
Python is beginner-friendly, versatile, and widely used in web development, data analysis, AI, and
automation.
Learning the basics lays the foundation for advanced programming.
