INTRODUCTION TO
NURSING MANAGEMENT
By
Mrs. USHA. S
Professor, Child Health Nursing
Akal College of Nursing
Eternal University
Meaning of Management:
Management is the art of getting things
done by a group of people with the effective
utilization of available resources.
Definition:-
Hennery Fayol , ”To manage is to forecast and plan , to organize , to
compound, to coordinate and to control.”
Harold Koontz, ”management is the art of getting things done through and
with an informally organized group.”
John Mee F,(1963) “management may be defined as the art of securing
maximum results with a minimum of effort so as to secure maximum
prosperity and happiness for both employer and employee and give the public
the best possible service”
Levels of Management:-
1. Top Management level- More intellectual skills are required eg.
Principal of College, Nursing superintendent
2. Middle Management level- More human skills are required eg.
HOD, Professors, Ward In-charges
3. First Management or operating Management level- More
technical skills are required eg. Lecturers, Tutors, ward sisters.
• Managers & administrators belongs to these three
category requires three skills ;
• Intellectual skill,
• Human Skill ,
• Technical Skill.
Intellectual skill:-
• The Thinking skill-both critical and analytical.
• Conceptual skill-ability to formulate concepts.
• Decision Making skills.
Human skill
• Human skills are the skills concerned with
• effective communication,
• empathy,
• understanding,
• building a harmonious interpersonal relationship,
• developing the potentials of each member of the organization according to
individual capabilities, and
• Working on objectives
• Technical Skills
• Technical skills are concerned with skill in performing
tasks, especially with the hands - clinical examination
of patents, Bio-chemical examinations, administration
of injection etc. are the examples of technical skills
Functions of Management :
Planning
Controlling Organizing
Staffing
Directing
Functions of Management
• Professor Luther Gullick (1937)- summed up certain principles or elements OR
functions in the word “POSDCORB”.
• “P” stands for Planning
• “O” stands for Organizing.
• “S” stands for Staffing.
• “D” stands for Directing,
• “CO” stands for Co-ordinating.
• “R” stands for Reporting.
• “B” stands for Budgeting.
• “P” stands for planning that is working out a broad out line.
• “O” stands for organizing. This is the establishment of the formal structure of
authority through which work of subdivisions are arranged, defined & co-ordinated
for the defined objectives.
• “S” stands for staffing. That is the whole personnel function of bringing in & training
the staff & maintaining favorable conditions of work.
• “D” stands for directing, that is the continuous task of making decision & embodying
them, in specific & general orders & instructions & serving as leader of the
enterprise.
• “CO” stands for co-ordinating. That is all important duty of interrelating the
various parts of the work & eliminating of overlapping & conflict.
• “R” stands for reporting. That is keeping those to whom the executive is
responsible informed as to what is going on, which thus includes keeping
himself & his subordinates informed through records, research & inspection.
• “B” stands for budgeting. With all that goes with budgeting in the form of
fiscal planning, accounting & control
Principles of Management:-
1. Division of work- It applies to all kind of work, managerial as well as technical .tis is the principle of
specialisation.
2. Authority, responsibility & accountability- Fayol held that authority flows from responsibility.
3. Discipline- Members of the organization are required to perform their function and conduct themselves
in relation to others according to rules, norms, and customs.
4. Unity of command- This principle holds that one employee should have only one boss 7 receive
instructions from same only.
5. Unity of direction- This mean that all managerial & operational activities which relate a distinct group
with the same objective should be directed by” one group & one plan”
Principles of Management cont…..
6. Subordination of individual interest to organizational interest - The interest of the organization is
above the interests of the individual & the group. eg. It can be achieved only when managers in high
position in the organization set an example of honesty, integrity, fairness and justice.
7. Remuneration of personnel- Employees should paid fairly and equitably. and according to job
differentiation.
8. Centralization -
9. Scalar chain of command - Fayol explains as superiors & subordinates running throughout the
organization from top to bottom.
10.Order - Means right person on the right job and everything in its proper place.
11. Equity - It means that subordinates should be treated with justice and kindliness.
12.Stability of tenure of personnel - The managerial policies should provide a sense
of reasonable job security.
13.Initiative - It focuses on the ability , attitude and resourcefulness to act without
prompting from others. Managers should create an environment which encourages
their subordinates to take initiative and responsibility.
14.Esprit de corps - cohesiveness and team spirit should be encouraged among
employees.
